米仓山隧道涌突水预测及处治措施研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 21:50

本文选题：米仓山隧道　切入点：涌突水　出处：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着公路交通系统建设规模的不断扩大,我国已修建了不少的长隧道、特长隧道以及隧道群,但是隧道作为地下建筑物,在隧道的施工过程中经常遇到涌突水等地质灾害,并且危害性巨大,严重影响施工安全和隧道运营。本文以巴陕高速公路的米仓山隧道作为研究对象,通过对米仓山隧道区域的工程地质条件和水文地质条件特征进行调查和研究,查明地下水系统的补、径、排条件和地下水类型,在此基础上综合选取评价指标,建立了米仓山隧道涌突水危险性预测评价系统,对隧道涌突水危险性进行评价和研究,并采用传统理论方法和数值模拟方法对隧道涌水量进行预测,对可能发生的涌突水灾害提出综合超前地质预报原则和合理有效治理涌突水灾害的措施。通过研究取得以下成果和认识:(1)根据前期米仓山隧道的工程地质条件和水文地质条件,并通过对米仓山隧道的地质环境和涌突水的影响因素分析,运用模糊数学层析分析法,选取地层岩性条件、地形和地貌条件、地质构造条件、隧道长度及埋深、地下水发育状况作为评价指标,对选取的评价指标进行量化和取值,建立了米仓山隧道涌突水危险性预测评价系统。(2)依据建立的米仓山隧道涌突水危险性预测评价系统,对米仓山隧道涌突水危险性预测评价,评价结果为:1个极高危险区(V)、3个高危险区(IV)、6个中危险区(III)和8个较低危险区(II),没有低危险区。按长度统计,米仓山隧道共长13392m,其中极高危险区(V)1640m,占12.2%;高危险区(IV)726m,占5.4%;中危险区(III)1056m,占7.9%;较低危险区(II)9970m,占74.4%,研究表明米仓山隧道涌突水的危险性等级主要集中在极高危险区、高危险区和中危险区。(3)通过深入分析米仓山隧道的地质条件及地下水循环特征,采用传统理论的大气降雨入渗法和地下水动力学法,以及Visual modflow数值模拟法对米仓山隧道分段进行涌水量计算。根据传统理论方法的涌水量计算结果与数值模拟方法的隧道涌水量结果进行比较和分析表明:采用大气降水入渗方法计算的隧道涌水量和其他几种方法比较结果明显偏小,运用地下水动力学法的裘布依理论公式计算的涌水量稍微偏小;运用古德曼经验式计算的隧道涌水量和数值模拟计算的最大涌水量结果比较的接近。结合对米仓山隧道的危险性预测评价,即在隧址区K41+440~K43+080段涌水量最大为100901~104513.976 m3/d,为V级预测危险区段落,其次是K41+260~K41+440段、K43+080~K43+360段,为IV级预测危险性段落。(4)总结、分析各种超前预报方法的优缺点和不良地质灾害的响应特征,针对米仓山隧道复杂的地质情况和涌突水危险性评价结果,采用地质分析法、TSP法、地质雷达法和超前钻孔等有针对性的超前预报方法来预防涌突水灾害的发生,并构建了适用于本隧道的综合的涌突水超前地质预报体系,为隧道的综合超前地质提供一种较为完善的预报模式。(5)通过对隧道治理措施的研究,结合米仓山隧道的涌突水灾害特点,制定了涌突水处治原则:封堵与排放结合原则;隧道开挖与超前地质预报相结合的原则;隧道突水关键部位重点监测的原则;跟踪监测、信息化动态调控的原则。(6)根据对米仓山隧道的涌突水危险性分析和涌水量的预测,应对不同的涌突水灾害,采取清淤和回填、全断面深孔预注浆、隧道周边深孔预注浆等措施进行治理。
[Abstract]:Along with the development of the highway transportation system construction scale continues to expand, China has built a lot of long tunnel, tunnel and tunnel group, but as the tunnel underground buildings, water gushing and other geological disasters often encountered in the construction process of the tunnel, and the great harm, seriously affect the safety of construction and operation. The Israeli Palestinian Shaanxi highway tunnel the Cangshan tunnel as the research object, carries on the investigation and Study on the engineering geological conditions of the tunnel area m Cangshan and hydrogeology conditions, groundwater system, groundwater discharge conditions and the size, type, on the basis of comprehensive evaluation indicators, established the Cangshan tunnel meters prediction and evaluation system of water inrush risk in the tunnel, water gushing hazard evaluation and research, and using the traditional theoretical method and numerical simulation method to predict the water inflow in the tunnel, the possible occurrence of Water inrush disaster of comprehensive geological prediction principle of reasonable and effective governance of water inrush disaster measures. Conclusions are as follows: (1) through the study of early rice in Cangshan according to the engineering geological conditions and hydrogeological conditions of the tunnel, and the geological environment of Cangshan tunnel and the influence factors of rice water gushing analysis. The analysis method using fuzzy chromatography, lithology condition, topographic and geomorphic conditions, geological conditions, tunnel length and depth, groundwater development status as evaluation index, and quantify the value of the selection of evaluation index, established the Cangshan tunnel meters prediction and evaluation system of water inrush risk. (2) on the basis of rice in Cangshan the establishment of the tunnel water inrush hazard assessment and prediction system, water inrush hazard assessment and prediction of Cangshan m tunnel, the evaluation results are as follows: 1 a high risk area (V), 3 (IV), 6 high-risk areas out of danger Area (III) and 8 low risk area (II), no low risk area. According to the length of statistics, Cangshan meters long tunnel 13392m, the high risk areas (V 1640m), accounting for 12.2%; high risk area (IV 726M), accounting for 5.4%; in the danger zone (III) of 1056m, accounting for 7.9% low risk area; (II) 9970m, accounting for 74.4%, studies show that the risk level of water inrush meters of Cangshan tunnel mainly concentrated in high risk areas, high-risk areas and in the dangerous area. (3) through in-depth analysis of geological conditions of Cangshan tunnel meters and groundwater circulation characteristics, using the traditional theory in atmospheric precipitation infiltration and groundwater dynamics method, and the Visual MODFLOW numerical simulation method of tunnel water inflow of Cangshan meters piecewise calculation. According to the traditional theory and method of gushing water in tunnel water inflow calculation and numerical simulation methods were compared and analysis show that the tunnel water inflow in the precipitation infiltration and its calculation method He had several methods resultssignificantly smaller inflow using Dupuit formula of groundwater dynamics calculation is slightly small; use of water inflow in the tunnel and numerical simulation of Goodman empirical formulae for calculating the maximum inflow calculation results. Combined with the risk of m close to the Cangshan tunnel forecast evaluation, namely in the tunnel area K41+440~K43+080 water was 100901~104513.976 m3/d, V forecast the dangerous area of passage, followed by the K41+260~K41+440 segment, K43+080~K43+360 segment, IV risk prediction. Paragraph (4) summary, analysis of response characteristics of various prediction methods and the advantages and disadvantages of the adverse geological disasters, aiming at the complex geological conditions of Cangshan tunnel and surge meters the water inrush risk evaluation results, the geological analysis method, TSP method, geological radar and advanced drilling and so on prediction methods of preventing water inrush disaster Happen, and the construction of the tunnel is suitable for the integrated water inrush geological forecast system, comprehensive geological tunnel provides a perfect forecast model. (5) through the research of tunnel control measures, combined with the characteristics of Cangshan Bay Tunnel meters water bursting disaster set, water gushing treatment principle: the principle of combining plugging and emission; tunnel excavation combined with geological prediction of tunnel water inrush principle; the key parts of the key monitoring principle; tracking and monitoring, information dynamic control principle. (6) according to the analysis and prediction of water inrush surge risk and inflow of rice in Cangshan tunnel, deal with different surge the disaster of water inrush, take dredging and backfilling, the whole section deep hole grouting, tunnel surrounding deep hole grouting and other measures of governance.

【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U453.61

【参考文献】