基于微观仿真的城市交叉口排放研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 22:47

本文选题：微观交通仿真　切入点：机动车排放评估　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来随着交通运输体系的快速发展,城市交通拥堵与污染问题日益加剧。城市交叉口由于其地理位置及交通量密集的特征,其空气污染程度较其他道路区域严重很多。精确量化机动车的排放是治理交通污染及采取相应对策的重要参考依据,也为空气质量评价以及行人的暴露危害提供了研究基础。为了精确量化机动车排放,将交通仿真模型VISSIM与排放模型MOVES集成,搭建了机动车排放评估平台。结合调研数据,建立了基于VISSIM的交叉口仿真模型;考虑MOVES模型的输入参数需求,对VISSIM仿真输出数据进行处理;参照MOVES模型中运行工况区间的定义,计算出交叉口机动车的运行工况分布,并作为排放计算的输入参数导入MOVES,从而得到高分辨率量化的交叉口机动车排放。利用已搭建的平台,选取有信号控制的典型城市平面十字交叉口进行仿真,得到了机动车排放污染物CO、HC、NOx、PM10和PM2.5的排放清单,并对其空间分布、时间分布以及污染物特征进行了分析。并在排放清单的基础上,提出交叉口的交通优化措施,选取了交叉口禁左以及机动车限行政策利用评估平台进行了减排能力评估,得到交叉口禁左以及机动车限行对机动车污染物的削减都具有一定程度的正面作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of transportation system, the problems of urban traffic congestion and pollution are becoming more and more serious. The degree of air pollution is much more serious than other road areas. Accurate quantification of motor vehicle emissions is an important reference for controlling traffic pollution and taking corresponding countermeasures. In order to accurately quantify vehicle emissions, the traffic simulation model (VISSIM) is integrated with the emission model (MOVES) to build a vehicle emission assessment platform. The simulation model of intersection based on VISSIM is established. Considering the requirement of input parameters of MOVES model, the output data of VISSIM simulation are processed. According to the definition of operating condition interval in MOVES model, the distribution of motor vehicle operating conditions at intersection is calculated. As the input parameters of emission calculation, the motor vehicle emissions of high resolution and quantification are obtained. Using the built platform, the typical urban crossroads with signal control are selected for simulation. The emission inventory of motor vehicle emission pollutant COHCOHCOHCOHCOHCONXN XN PM10 and PM2.5 is obtained, and its spatial distribution, time distribution and pollutant characteristics are analyzed. Based on the emission inventory, the traffic optimization measures at intersection are proposed. The evaluation platform of the left intersections and the vehicle restriction policy is selected to evaluate the emission reduction ability. The results show that the left intersections and the motor vehicle restrictions have a positive effect on the reduction of vehicle pollutants to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.92;X734.2

【共引文献】