雾霾天气低能见度对不同跟驰状态驾驶行为的影响

发布时间：2018-03-18 01:19

本文选题：交通运输系统工程　切入点：雾霾天气低能见度　出处：《吉林大学学报(工学版)》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用8自由度高逼真度驾驶模拟器,从工程学和人类心理学角度分析了雾霾天气低能见度对不同跟驰状态(加速、减速和平稳跟驰)驾驶行为的影响。结果表明:雾霾天气低能见度对不同跟驰状态驾驶行为的影响存在明显差异性。加速跟驰过程中,雾霾天气低能见度下驾驶员对速度差变化、距离差变化的反应敏感性和最大意愿加速度分别比晴天显著降低了29.3%、33.1%和17.4%,且驾驶行为异质性明显升高;减速跟驰过程中,雾霾天气低能见度下驾驶员对速度差变化的反应敏感性、最大意愿减速度和感知前车最大减速度分别比晴天显著提高了31.7%、17.8%和16.3%,对距离差变化的反应敏感性显著降低了32.1%,而驾驶行为异质性有所降低;平稳跟驰过程中,雾霾天气低能见度下驾驶员对速度差变化反应敏感性比晴天显著提高了41.6%,最大意愿加速度和减速度均值小于晴天,期望速度和对距离差变化的反应敏感性与晴天无显著差异。加减速反应阈值方面,驾驶员在雾霾天气低能见度下倾向于采取更加积极的加速反应来紧随前车,同时又更加谨慎地采取减速反应避免碰撞。本文研究结果为雾霾天气低能见度等紧急事件下应急疏散微观交通仿真的建立提供了理论支撑。
[Abstract]:Using a high-fidelity driving simulator with 8 degrees of freedom, this paper analyzes the effects of low visibility in haze weather on different car-following states (acceleration) from the point of view of engineering and human psychology. The results show that the influence of low visibility in haze weather on driving behavior in different car-following states is obviously different. Under the condition of low visibility in haze, the sensitivity and maximum willing acceleration of drivers to the variation of velocity difference and distance difference were significantly lower than those of sunny days, and the heterogeneity of driving behavior was obviously increased. Sensitivity of drivers to variation of Velocity difference under low visibility in haze, The maximum intention deceleration and the perceived maximum deceleration of the front car were significantly increased by 31.778% and 16.3%, respectively, and the sensitivity to the variation of the distance difference was significantly reduced by 32.1g, while the heterogeneity of driving behavior was decreased, and the heterogeneity of driving behavior was decreased in the process of stationary car-following. The sensitivity of drivers to the variation of speed difference in haze weather is significantly higher than that in sunny days, and the maximum willing acceleration and deceleration mean is less than that in sunny days. There was no significant difference between the expected speed and the sensitivity to range variations on sunny days. In terms of acceleration and deceleration response thresholds, drivers tended to take a more aggressive acceleration response to follow the front car under low visibility in haze weather. At the same time, the deceleration reaction is taken more carefully to avoid collision. The results of this paper provide theoretical support for the establishment of microscopic traffic simulation of emergency evacuation under haze weather and low visibility.
【作者单位】：同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室;同济大学交通运输工程学院;中国建筑股份有限公司海外事业部;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71271155)
【分类号】：U491.254

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