基于信号交叉口行人二次过街设置方法的行人延误研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 18:25

本文选题：行人交通特性　切入点：行人二次过街　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：一条完整的出行链总是以行人的步行开始并结束。虽然步行交通是城市交通系统中的重要组成部分,但是由于机动车保有量的增加,城市道路不断拓宽,行人与机动车之间的冲突问题日益突出。特别是在交叉口处,不同类型的交通流在同一时间互相穿插、彼此干扰。严重影响行人过街安全性、舒适性、快捷性。此外,在大型平面交叉口处,相交道路过宽,机动车交通流较大,行人通常无法在行人绿灯时间内完成过街。导致行人被迫聚集在道路中央或在行人红灯期间因无法忍受过长的等待时间而采取冒险强行穿越机动车流过街的行为。研究表明,在此类交叉口的道路中央设置行人安全岛,把人行横道分为两部分,采用行人二次过街的方法,能够有效的改善交叉口处行人的通行效率。针对上述情况,本文对行人二次过街的设置方法和行人延误进行了深入研究,具体的研究工作包括以下几个方面:(一)分析信号交叉口人行横道处行人过街的心理特性、速度特性,并根据行人过街过程分析了行人过街的时间及空间需求,提出行人二次过街的必要性。(二)对交叉口行人二次过街设施的适用性进行了分析和总结,提出了二次过街设施的设置方法和条件。并采用"相位叠加"的方法,设计了常见的三相位和四相位条件下信号交叉口的二次过街相位设计方案。在保证机动车通行效率的同时,充分利用时空资源组织行人二次过街。(三)假设车辆的车头时距服从韦布尔分布,行人到达服从泊松分布,先分析行人一次过街延误。再以此为基础,结合二次过街行人相位的设计方案,构建行人二次过街的延误模型。并通过仿真软件对模型进行检验,同时论证行人二次过街的改良效果。
[Abstract]:A complete travel chain always begins and ends with the pedestrian walk. Although pedestrian traffic is an important part of the urban transportation system, urban roads continue to widen as a result of the increase in the number of motor vehicles. Conflicts between pedestrians and motor vehicles are becoming increasingly prominent. Especially at intersections, different types of traffic flow intersect and interfere with each other at the same time. It seriously affects the safety, comfort and rapidity of pedestrians crossing the street. At large intersections, the intersection road is too wide and the traffic flow of motor vehicles is large. Pedestrians are usually unable to cross the street during pedestrian green time. This results in pedestrians being forced to gather in the middle of the road or risk forcible vehicle crossing during a pedestrian red light due to unbearable waiting times. A pedestrian safety island is set up in the middle of the road of this kind of intersection, and the crosswalk is divided into two parts. By using the method of pedestrian crossing twice, the pedestrian efficiency at the intersection can be effectively improved. This paper has carried on the thorough research to the pedestrian secondary crossing setting method and the pedestrian delay, the concrete research work includes the following several aspects: (1) analyzes the pedestrian crossing psychology characteristic, the speed characteristic at the signal intersection crosswalk, According to the pedestrian crossing process, the time and space requirement of pedestrian crossing is analyzed, and the necessity of pedestrian secondary crossing is put forward. (2) the applicability of pedestrian secondary crossing facilities at intersection is analyzed and summarized. The setting methods and conditions of secondary crossing facilities are put forward, and the method of "phase superposition" is adopted. The design scheme of secondary crossing phase of signalized intersection under the condition of three phase and four phase is designed. Make full use of time and space resources to organize pedestrians to cross the street twice. (3) assuming that the vehicle's headgear is distributed from Weibull, the pedestrian's arrival clothes are distributed from Poisson, the first analysis of the pedestrian's one-pass delay is based on this. Combined with the design scheme of pedestrian phase, the delay model of pedestrian secondary crossing is constructed, and the model is tested by simulation software, and the improved effect of pedestrian secondary crossing is proved.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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