基于低碳条件的高速公路交通流及运营研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 04:34

本文选题：高速公路低碳运营　切入点：能源消耗　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代化工业的迅速发展,全世界对石油、煤炭、天然气等化工能源的需求量和使用量逐年增加,我国也不例外。然而,随之而来的问题是,这些能源在消耗的过程中产生了大量的二氧化碳和有害气体,对人类的身体健康和生态环境造成了严重的危害。在我国,交通运输业是主要的能源消耗行业,随着近年来公路的大量建设,我国高速公路总里程也不断增加,碳排放量的逐年上升趋势引起了人们的广泛关注。在此背景下,研究高速公路碳排放影响因素及沿线运营设施能源消耗情况有着非常重要的意义。本文将高速公路低碳分为两个主要部分进行研究:一是高速公路行驶车辆的碳排放;二是高速公路沿线设施运营中的能源消耗。首先,通过调查与试验测定,分别获得车辆CO2排放比例与车速、油耗量与车速的关系,通过对汽车尾气主要成分及其危害和车辆行驶经济性的分析,首创性地提出最佳碳排放行驶车速区间的概念和计算方法,并利用已有数据进行拟合、处理、计算,最终确定区间值。然后对影响车辆碳排放量的因素逐一进行了分析,得到影响方式和影响程度。各种因素结合已确定的最佳车速区间,可为高速公路上的车辆提供低碳行车的依据,减少碳排放量。对于高速公路主要运营设施隧道、服务区和收费站,分别对其能耗组成、调查时主要统计项目进行分析,进而根据设备的不同能耗特点,提出相应的节能减排措施。在此基础上,倡导高速公路沿线设施使用太阳能、风能等新型清洁能源,从根本上降低能源的消耗量,建设绿色低碳的高速公路运营环境。最后以江西省抚吉高速公路为实例,根据实地调查分析其现状以及运营设施的能源消耗情况,有针对性地提出低碳改善措施和建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry, the demand and use of petroleum, coal, natural gas and other chemical energy sources in the world are increasing year by year, and China is no exception. These energy sources produce a large amount of carbon dioxide and harmful gases in the process of consumption, and cause serious harm to human health and ecological environment. In China, transportation industry is the main energy consuming industry. With the large number of highway construction in recent years, the total mileage of freeway in our country is also increasing, and the increasing trend of carbon emissions has aroused people's widespread concern. It is of great significance to study the influencing factors of expressway carbon emission and energy consumption of operating facilities along the highway. This paper divides the low carbon of expressway into two main parts: one is the carbon emission of motorway vehicles; The second is energy consumption in the operation of facilities along the highway. Firstly, through investigation and test, the relationship between vehicle CO2 emission ratio and vehicle speed, fuel consumption and vehicle speed is obtained. Based on the analysis of the main components of automobile exhaust gas and its harm and the vehicle driving economy, the concept and calculation method of the optimum driving speed range of carbon emissions are put forward first, and the existing data are used to fit, process and calculate. Finally, the interval value is determined. Then the factors affecting the vehicle carbon emissions are analyzed one by one, and the mode and degree of influence are obtained. It can provide the basis for low carbon driving and reduce the carbon emission for the vehicles on the highway. For the tunnel, service area and toll station of the main operating facilities of the highway, the composition of energy consumption and the main statistical items during the investigation are analyzed respectively. Then according to the different energy consumption characteristics of the equipment, the corresponding energy saving and emission reduction measures are put forward. On this basis, we advocate the use of new clean energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and so on in the facilities along the highway, so as to fundamentally reduce the energy consumption. Finally, taking the Fuji Expressway of Jiangxi Province as an example, according to the field investigation and analysis of its current situation and the energy consumption of the operating facilities, the paper puts forward some measures and suggestions for the improvement of low carbon.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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