钢筋混凝土梁桥横向分布及服役状态评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 02:03

本文选题：钢筋混凝土梁　切入点：横向分布　出处：《吉林大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：公路桥梁作为交通基础设施的重要组成部分，对于提高交通运输系统运行效率、改善人民生活质量、保障经济平稳发展起着举足轻重的作用。据交通运输部权威统计数据，我国中小跨径桥梁的比例达到90%以上。在中小跨径桥梁中，钢筋混凝土梁桥是最广泛采用的结构形式。随着交通流量的持续增加，以及车辆超载现象的发生，服役桥梁在这些外部交通荷载作用下，疲劳损伤现象严重。广泛使用的预制装配式钢筋混凝土梁式桥横向联系损坏比例较高，使得桥梁荷载的横向分配产生变异，导致“单板（梁）受力”现象。传统的横向分布计算方法存在很大的局限性，，在评价钢筋混凝土桥梁横向连接损伤方面效率不足。因此，开展钢筋混凝土梁桥横向分布计算方法、横向连接损伤评价以及桥梁整体性能评估等研究工作对于保障结构安全运营意义深远。本文结合国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）和吉林省交通运输厅科技项目，开展的具体研究工作如下： 1.基于传统的弹性支承连续梁计算理论，提出了基于单梁有限元与弹性支承连续梁横向分布计算相结合的方法。该方法通过求解纵向结构的挠度和扭角，进而得到横向模型的支承刚度。将所提出方法应用于简支空心板桥、简支T梁桥、简支弯梁桥、简支斜梁桥、变截面连续梁桥等典型桥型，验证了方法的适用性；与传统铰接板法、比拟正交异性板法、刚性横梁法、空间有限元法、二次刚度换算法等方法的计算精度对比分析，验证了方法的有效性。 2.基于模态分析理论，提出了基于桥梁结构模态分析的荷载横向分布模态参数计算方法。选取简支T梁桥和简支空心板桥为研究对象，将模态参数法计算结果与传统简化计算方法、有限元静力分析方法进行了详细对比分析，验证了模态参数法在简支T梁桥和简支空心板桥荷载横向分布计算上的适用性和准确性。此外，采用桥梁荷载横向分布模态参数法分析了横隔梁设置、斜交角和主梁间距对简支T梁桥荷载横向分布的影响，得出了相关影响规律。 3.在基于模态参数横向分布理论的基础上，考虑到广泛使用的简支板桥在服役过程中容易出现的铰缝损伤及主梁损伤状况，开展了相应的损伤位置及损伤状态评价方法研究。针对铰缝的损伤识别，通过横向分布影响线在铰缝损伤位置处的交叉现象进行辨识；针对主梁的损伤识别，通过横向分布影响线在主梁损伤位置处的偏移现象进行辨识。针对铰缝损伤和主梁损伤状态辨识，分别构造了合适的损伤识别参数，通过选取不同的模糊隶属度函数，形成了用于铰缝损伤和主梁损伤的模糊评价系统。 4.在现有的桥梁状态评价方法中，人为主观因素成为影响桥梁状态评价的主要原因。为消除桥梁状态评价过程中人为主观因素的干扰，提出了一种基于粒子群优化模糊C均值聚类的钢筋混凝土桥梁桥跨结构整体状态评价方法。采用桥梁现场实测数据构造结构状态评价指标体系，通过选取10座典型桥梁作为桥梁整体状态评价的聚类样本，对样本数据进行标准化，采用Xie-Beni有效性分析，确定样本的最佳聚类数目，聚类分析得到样本聚类中心和隶属度矩阵。结合桥梁技术状况评分界定桥梁的耐久性等级，确定与之相应的聚类中心。通过计算待评估桥梁实测数据与等级聚类中心的隶属度值对桥梁桥跨结构耐久性状态进行评价。选取中朝边境惠山国境桥作为桥梁整体状态评价的实体工程，验证了方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The highway bridge is an important part of the transportation infrastructure, to improve the operation efficiency of the transportation system, improving people's life quality, guarantee the stable development of economy plays an important role. According to the Ministry of transport authority statistics, small and medium span bridges in our country the proportion reached more than 90%. In the small and medium span bridges, reinforced concrete beam bridge structure is the most widely used.
With the traffic increasing, and the vehicle overload phenomenon, the service bridge in the function of these external traffic load, fatigue damage is serious. The prefabricated reinforced concrete beam bridge transverse connection widely used a higher proportion of damaged, the transverse distribution of the bridge mutation, resulting in "single plate (beam) force" the phenomenon of transverse distribution. The traditional calculation method has great limitations, in the evaluation of reinforced concrete bridge transverse connection damage efficiency. Therefore, to carry out the transverse distribution of the reinforced concrete beam bridge calculation method, the transverse connection damage evaluation and performance evaluation of the whole bridge for protecting the safe operation of the structure of far-reaching significance. Combined with the national high technology research and development program (863 Program) and the science and technology project of Jilin Provincial Department of transportation, the specific research work carried out as follows:
1. based on the traditional elastic support continuous beam theory, put forward the method of combining the finite element calculation of single beam and continuous beam with the elastic support. The method is based on the transverse distribution by the deflection and torsion angle and longitudinal structure is solved, supported transverse stiffness model. The proposed method for simply supported hollow slab. Simply supported T beam bridge, simply supported curved beam bridge, simply supported girder bridge, variable cross-section continuous girder bridge with typical bridge, verify the applicability of the method; and the traditional hinged plate, orthotropic plate method, rigid cross beam method, finite element method, analysis and comparison of calculation accuracy two stiffness the conversion method, verify the validity of the method.
2. based on the modal analysis theory, puts forward the calculation of transverse load distribution of modal parameters of bridge structure analysis based on modal method. Selection of simply supported T beam bridge and simply supported hollow slab bridge as the research object, the calculation results of modal parameters of traditional method and simplified calculation method, finite element static analysis methods are compared and analyzed in detail. The applicability is verified. And the accuracy of the simply supported T beam bridge and simply supported hollow slab bridge load transverse distribution calculation method of modal parameters. In addition, the bridge load transverse distribution modal parameter analysis of cross beam setting, influence of skew angle and beam spacing on the transverse load distribution of simply supported T beam bridge, the impact of relevant laws.
3. based on the theory of modal parameters of transverse distribution, considering the widespread use of simply supported slab bridge in the service process prone to joint damage and the damage situation, carry out research on Evaluation of damage location and damage state. According to the corresponding method of damage identification of hinge joints, the horizontal distribution of line in the joint cross the phenomenon of damage location identification; damage identification for beam, through the horizontal distribution of line in the shift position of the girder damage identification for hinge joint damage and the damage state identification, we construct damage identification parameters suitable, by selecting different fuzzy membership function for hinge joint damage and girder damage fuzzy evaluation system is formed.
4. in the bridge state of the existing evaluation methods, subjective factors become the main reasons affecting the bridge condition evaluation. In order to eliminate the interference in the process of bridge condition evaluation of subjective factors, proposes a particle swarm optimization of reinforced concrete bridge span structure fuzzy C means clustering method based on the overall evaluation of the evaluation index system of the bridge. The field data structure, by clustering the samples from 10 typical bridges as the bridge condition evaluation, standardization of sample data, the analysis of the effectiveness of Xie-Beni, to determine the optimal number of clusters of samples, clustering analysis by sample cluster centers and membership matrix. Based on the technical status of bridge durability grade definition sure, the corresponding cluster center. By calculating the membership degree of the measured data and evaluation of bridge hierarchical clustering center value The durability state of bridge and span structure is evaluated. The Huishan border bridge of Sino Korean border is selected as the entity project of the overall state evaluation of the bridge, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U446

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