盾构滚刀磨损检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 22:44

本文选题：盾构机　切入点：盾构刀具　出处：《石家庄铁道大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：刀具磨损检测一直是盾构施工过程中的一个难题。在盾构机掘进过程中,无法直接测量刀具的磨损量,这就给刀具的“视情换刀”带来了巨大的困难。针对盾构施工过程中刀具磨损检测中存在的问题,论文从间接检测和直接检测两方面对盾构刀具磨损检测方法进行了研究。间接检测方法首先介绍了Hilbert-Huang变换方法,利用Hilbert-Huang变换的方法将盾构机监控数据中扭矩与推进力两个参数转换成能量谱的形式,并作为特征矢量描述刀具磨损的变化。然后利用隐马尔可夫模型HMM(Hidden Markov Model)的方法对刀具的能量谱进行训练,建立刀具磨损统计模型。再将观测信号输入统计模型,将输出概率与原模型比较,从而实现了预测刀具磨损的发展趋势。直接检测方法采用在线检测系统来实现。首先介绍了硬件的选型以及各模块的工作原理。下位机采用电涡流传感器对盾构滚刀的磨损进行检测,将电涡流传感器采集到的信息转化成数字信号并与上位机进行通信。然后介绍了软件的设计以及实现主要功能实现的关键技术。上位机利用C#编程语言开发了盾构滚刀磨损检测软件,将下位机采集到的信号通过软件的处理与计算,显示出刀具的磨损量,通过对盾构滚刀磨损的实时测量,从而及时准确地掌握滚刀的磨损状态,为“视情换刀”提供了技术支持。此方法直接地反应了刀具的磨损状态。最后论文将实际测量的磨损量与理论分析结果相结合,将理论与实践相结合,更准确地判断盾构滚刀的磨损状态,预测刀具的寿命。
[Abstract]:Tool wear detection has always been a difficult problem in shield construction. During the tunneling process of shield machine, it is impossible to measure the tool wear directly. This brings great difficulties to the tool "changing the tool according to the situation". In view of the problems existing in the tool wear detection during the shield construction, In this paper, the detection methods of shield tool wear are studied from the two aspects of indirect detection and direct detection. The indirect detection method first introduces the Hilbert-Huang transform method. The torque and propulsion force in the monitoring data of shield machine are converted into the form of energy spectrum by Hilbert-Huang transform. The change of tool wear is described as a feature vector, then the energy spectrum of the tool is trained by the hidden Markov model (HMM(Hidden Markov Model), and the statistical model of tool wear is established, and then the observation signal is input into the statistical model. Compare the output probability with the original model, Thus, the development trend of tool wear prediction is realized. The direct detection method is realized by on-line detection system. Firstly, the selection of hardware and the working principle of each module are introduced. The wear of the hob is detected, The information collected by eddy current sensor is converted into digital signal and communicated with the host computer. Then, the design of software and the key technology to realize the main function are introduced. The shield is developed by the upper computer using C # programming language. Construction hob wear detection software, The signal collected by the lower computer is processed and calculated by the software to show the wear quantity of the cutter, and through the real-time measurement of the wear of the shield hob, the wear state of the hob can be grasped in a timely and accurate manner. This method directly reflects the wear state of the tool. Finally, the paper combines the actual measured wear amount with the theoretical analysis results, and combines the theory with the practice. The wear state of shield hob is judged more accurately and the tool life is predicted.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455.43

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