城市公交组合调度模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 19:41

本文选题：公共交通　切入点：区间车　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的迅速发展,乘客的出行需求明显增加,由于交通需求在时间上和空间上的不均衡性,以及人们对出行质量的要求越来越高,传统公共交通已经很难满足人们的出行需要,通过合理配置不同线路上公交车辆的调度形式及数量,制定科学的运营调度策略,能够有效地解决在公交车辆运力和乘客需求运量之间的矛盾,因此,积极研究城市公交组合调度问题具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文首先从国内外学者在公交组合调度方面取得的成果入手,指出公交车辆的几种调度形式,并分析公交车辆组合调度的影响因素。介绍客流调查的内容、种类及方法,以客流数据为基础来判定公交车辆的组合调度形式。以乘客出行成本与公交公司成本之和为优化目标,以相邻车次的发车间隔为变量,建立三种区间车组合调度模型,在模型中全程车发车数量与区间车发车数量的比值为m,m取值不同代表不同的发车模式,最后利用MATLAB对模型求解,得到模型的最优解及发车间隔,进而制定组合调度发车时刻表。本文以西安市36路公交线路为例,对模型进行验证,并和单一调度的计算结果进行对比。从满载率、乘客成本和公交成本等几个方面进行具体分析,结果表明,所建模型能有效的减少系统成本,在平衡车辆满载率方面也有良好的效果,和单一调度相比,区间车组合调度可以减小公交车队规模。除此之外,当客流不均衡性增大时,模型可以更大幅度的节约成本,这也进一步验证了模型的有效性和实用性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the travel demand of passengers increases obviously, because of the imbalance of transportation demand in time and space, and the higher and higher demand for travel quality. Traditional public transportation has been difficult to meet people's travel needs, through the rational allocation of different lines of public transport vehicle scheduling form and number, to formulate a scientific operation scheduling strategy. Can effectively solve the conflict between the capacity of public transport vehicles and passenger demand, therefore, It is of great theoretical and practical significance to actively study the problem of urban public transport combination scheduling. Firstly, this paper starts with the achievements of scholars at home and abroad in bus combination scheduling, and points out several dispatching forms of public transport vehicles. It also analyzes the influencing factors of bus vehicle combination dispatching, and introduces the contents, types and methods of passenger flow investigation. Based on the passenger flow data, the combined dispatching mode of public transport vehicles is determined. Taking the sum of passenger travel cost and bus company cost as the optimization objective, taking the departure interval of adjacent trains as variables, the combined dispatching model of three interval vehicles is established. In the model, the ratio of the total number of trains to the number of interval vehicles is different, which means different departure modes. Finally, the model is solved by MATLAB, and the optimal solution and departure interval of the model are obtained. Then the combined dispatch schedule is worked out. Taking 36 bus lines in Xi'an as an example, the model is verified and compared with the calculation results of single dispatching. The results show that the model can effectively reduce the system cost, and has a good effect in balancing the full load rate of the vehicle, compared with the single scheduling, the results show that the model can effectively reduce the cost of the system, and has a good effect in balancing the full load rate of the vehicle. In addition, when the disequilibrium of passenger flow increases, the model can save more cost, which further verifies the validity and practicability of the model.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U492.22

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