曲线桥梁的地震碰撞及试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 21:37

本文选题：曲线桥梁　切入点：伸缩缝　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：曲线桥梁是一种为了满足功能性要求在特定地形条件下所采用的桥梁形式,由于地形的复杂性和城市空间的限制,曲线桥梁以其独特优势在世界各国得到广泛应用。地震作用下桥梁结构所发生的碰撞,是由相邻桥跨的动力特性不一致而产生的异步振动所引起的。对于曲线桥梁而言,桥面曲率的存在使得曲桥桥面存在扭转效应,导致曲线桥梁比直桥更容易发生碰撞甚至落梁。本文针对曲线桥梁在地震作用下的多维地震碰撞问题,以某曲线桥梁为工程背景,研究了不同地面输入方向下的曲线桥梁的地震响应。本文的主要研究内容包括:(1)介绍了几类碰撞模型,并对两个相邻多自由度不规则体系的地震碰撞力学模型进行理论推导。根据原型的空间结构形式和质量分布建立三维多自由度模型的运动方程。针对不规则刚体采用集中质量法并考虑扭转效应得到刚度矩阵、质量矩阵和阻尼矩阵。考虑碰撞接触区域的深度和碰撞体几何形状以及材料的特性,根据三维接触滑移模型得到碰撞力、碰撞阻尼和碰撞刚度等,建立合理的碰撞模型。(2)以实际曲线桥梁为例,根据理论推导的碰撞运动方程进行Matlab编程模拟,分析了主要参数变化对结构地震碰撞作用的影响,并为试验构件的设计、振动台模型装置的设计及不同工况的选择提供依据。根据相似关系确定模型试件的几何尺寸、质量等,将试件进行拼装并合理布置试验测试系统,进行模型的振动台试验,包括不同频率、幅值、地震动输入方向的简谐荷载和实际地震动激励。(3)对曲线桥梁振动台试验数据进行分析并进行数值模拟,研究其在不同地震动输入方向、无碰和碰撞、直桥和曲桥的反应对比中得到曲线桥梁在地震动激励作用下的动力反应规律,并根据碰撞时的反应进行碰撞参数的识别,将测试反应与数值模拟结果进行对比来检验曲线桥梁碰撞理论和模型参数的正确性和合理性。
[Abstract]:Curved bridge is a kind of bridge which is used to meet the functional requirements under the specific terrain conditions, because of the complexity of the terrain and the constraints of urban space. Curved bridges are widely used in the world because of their unique advantages. The impact of bridge structures under earthquake is caused by asynchronous vibration caused by inconsistent dynamic characteristics of adjacent bridges. The torsional effect of curved bridge deck is caused by the curvature of curved bridge deck, which makes curved bridge more likely to collide and even fall beam than that of straight bridge. In this paper, the multi-dimensional earthquake collision problem of curved bridge under earthquake action is discussed, and a curved bridge is used as the engineering background. The seismic responses of curved bridges with different ground input directions are studied. The seismic collision mechanics model of two adjacent multi-degree-of-freedom irregular systems is derived theoretically. According to the spatial structure form and mass distribution of the prototype, the motion equation of the three-dimensional multi-degree-of-freedom model is established, and the motion equation of the irregular rigid body is established. The stiffness matrix is obtained by using the lumped mass method and considering the torsional effect. Mass matrix and damping matrix. Considering the depth of the collision contact area, the geometry of the collision body and the characteristics of the material, the collision force, impact damping and collision stiffness are obtained according to the three-dimensional contact slip model. A reasonable collision model is established. (2) taking the actual curved bridge as an example, the Matlab programming simulation is carried out according to the equation of collision motion derived from the theory, and the influence of the main parameters on the seismic impact of the structure is analyzed, and the design of the experimental component is given. The design of the shaking table model device and the selection of different working conditions provide the basis. According to the similarity relation, the geometric size and mass of the model specimen are determined, the specimen is assembled and the test system is arranged reasonably, and the shaking table test of the model is carried out. Including harmonic load of different frequency, amplitude, input direction of ground motion and actual ground motion excitation, the test data of curved bridge shaking table are analyzed and numerically simulated. The dynamic response law of curved bridge under ground motion excitation is obtained by comparing the response of straight bridge and curved bridge, and the collision parameters are identified according to the response of impact. The correctness and rationality of the curved bridge collision theory and model parameters are verified by comparing the test results with the numerical simulation results.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442.55;U448.42

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