水电工程施工场内交通流建模与通行安全分析

发布时间：2018-03-31 18:31

本文选题：水电工程　切入点：施工交通特性　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：水电工程是一个复杂的系统工程,其中的交通运输系统对施工进度举足轻重。场内道路交通流模型是物料调度优化、机械配置优化、通行安全分析等研究的基础,同时场内交通状况特殊,与城市道路存在较大差异,因此对水电工程施工场内交通流的研究非常重要。本文在研究水电工程施工场内交通特性的基础上,以场内交通流为研究对象,建立场内道路交通流模型、交通事故模型和事故后的车辆排队模型,基于这些模型,进一步研究场内道路的通行安全问题。主要工作如下。1)考虑场内的交通特性,包括道路纵坡坡度、驾驶员特性、车辆性能等因素,在此基础上建立车辆的跟驰模型和换道模型,并基于改进的元胞自动机模型建立水电工程施工场内的交通流模型。以单向双车道为仿真场景进行仿真分析,研究和分析道路纵坡坡度和随机慢化概率对交通流的影响,并利用某水电工程施工场内的实际数据对模型进行验证,结果表明模型具有一定的可信度。2)分析场内引起交通事故的因素,对车辆追尾进行重点研究,建立车辆追尾的事故模型,并引入到场内交通流模型中。仿真统计不同车头距下发生交通事故的次数,对其分布进行拟合和检验,结果表明其分布服从正态分布。利用"4σ"法则确定行车安全距离,并与相关标准进行对比,验证模型的准确性。3)利用排队论研究事故后车辆的排队行为。对持续时间长的事故建立基于可变输入率的排队模型,并在此基础上建立以减少发车为措施、以损失为目标的优化模型,以优化减少发车的时间和数量。对持续时间短的事故建立基于可变服务率的排队模型,分析事故后的道路性能指标,并用TransModeler进行仿真验证。
[Abstract]:Hydropower project is a complex system engineering, in which transportation system plays an important role in the progress of construction. On-site traffic flow model is the basis of material scheduling optimization, mechanical configuration optimization, traffic safety analysis and so on. At the same time, the traffic situation in the field is very special, which is different from the urban road, so it is very important to study the traffic flow in the construction site of hydropower project. Taking the traffic flow in the field as the research object, the traffic flow model, the traffic accident model and the vehicle queuing model after the accident are established. Based on these models, the traffic flow model, the traffic accident model and the vehicle queuing model after the accident are established. The main work is as follows: 1) considering the traffic characteristics of the field, including the slope of the road, the driver's characteristics and the performance of the vehicle, the car-following model and the change model of the vehicle are established on this basis. Based on the improved cellular automata model, the traffic flow model in the construction site of hydropower project is established. The effects of slope gradient and random slowing probability on the traffic flow are studied and analyzed by using the unidirectional two-lane simulation scene. The model is verified by the actual data in the construction site of a hydropower project. The results show that the model has certain credibility. 2) the factors causing traffic accidents in the site are analyzed, and the rear-end vehicle is studied emphatically. The accident model of rear-end vehicle is established and introduced into the traffic flow model in the field. The number of traffic accidents under different headspace is calculated by simulation, and its distribution is fitted and tested. The results show that its distribution is normal distribution. Using "4 蟽" rule to determine the safety distance of driving, and compared with the relevant standards, To verify the accuracy of the model. 3) using queuing theory to study the queuing behavior of vehicles after an accident. A queue model based on variable input rate is established for long duration accidents, and on this basis, the measures to reduce the departure rate are established. In order to optimize and reduce the time and quantity of departure, a queue model based on variable service rate is established for the accidents with short duration, and the road performance index after the accident is analyzed, and the simulation results are verified by TransModeler.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV51;U491

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