桥梁盆式支座地震作用下的力学性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 05:01

本文选题：盆式支座　切入点：地震响应　出处：《中国地震局工程力学研究所》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：桥梁支座作为连接桥梁上下部结构的部件,是桥梁结构的重要组成部分。但是在过去很长的一段时间内因其结构形式简单、造价低等原因,其重要性往往被工程设计人员和桥梁研究者所忽视。随着近年来国内桥梁建设的飞速发展,高铁桥梁和城市轨道交通桥梁中开始大量地使用盆式支座。盆式支座在承载力、滑动能力和转角等方面表现出来的优异性能已经得到了工程研究者的广泛认可。另一方面,近年来国内地震频发,因地震中桥梁支座破坏导致的落梁、梁体剧烈碰撞现象非常普遍,其中有许多桥梁结构破坏严重。在此背景之下,桥梁支座的正常使用性能和抗震性能成为了桥梁研究的热点。关于各种类型支座性能的研究成果和经验已经被广泛应用于实际工程中,同时也促进了桥梁支座研究的进一步发展。本文在广泛学习国内外关于桥梁支座性能研究成果的基础上,针对盆式支座的特点和结构形式,采用有限元软件数值模拟、支座原型试验等方法,展开了关于盆式支座在地震作用下的力学性能研究。论文的主要工作如下:(1)归纳整理了国内外关于各类桥梁支座抗震性能的研究成果,统计分析了汶川地震中桥梁盆式支座的震害表现。(2)用Midas Civil有限元软件针对一座实际桥梁进行了地震反应分析,分别使用简化模型、多折线模型和滞回曲线模型来模拟牛栏江大桥过渡桥墩上的盆式支座。通过比较不同模型的计算结果探讨了各支座模型的假定条件和适用范围。(3)根据盆式支座的结构组成,在ANSYS-Workbench中建立了精细有限元模型,对盆式支座分别进行了单向和双向水平加载条件下的数值模拟计算。讨论和分析了盆式支座在不同频率、不同幅值的位移简谐波以及单向地震动输入条件下的力-位移关系,并探讨了双向耦合效应的影响。(4)进行了盆式支座水平单向拟动力试验,试验工况包括简谐波位移输入和地震动时程位移输入。(5)对数值模拟和试验结果进行了对比分析,研究了摩擦系数对桥梁盆式支座地震作用下力学性能的影响。
[Abstract]:As an important part of bridge structure, bridge support is an important part of bridge structure. However, in the past a long time, because of its simple structure, low cost and other reasons, Its importance is often ignored by engineers and bridge researchers. With the rapid development of bridge construction in China in recent years, high speed rail bridges and urban rail transit bridges began to use a large number of basin support. The excellent performance of sliding ability and rotation angle has been widely recognized by engineering researchers. On the other hand, in recent years, there have been frequent earthquakes in China, which resulted in the fall of beams due to the damage of bridge supports in earthquakes. Violent collisions of beams are very common, many of which are seriously damaged. In this context, The normal service performance and seismic performance of bridge bearings have become the focus of bridge research. The research results and experiences of various types of bearing performance have been widely used in practical engineering. At the same time, it also promotes the further development of the bridge support research. Based on the extensive study on the performance of the bridge support at home and abroad, the finite element software is used to simulate the characteristics and structural form of the basin bearing. By means of prototype test and other methods, the research on the mechanical properties of the basin bearing under earthquake is carried out. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the research results on the seismic behavior of various kinds of bridge supports at home and abroad are summarized and sorted out. The seismic response of a bridge in Wenchuan earthquake is analyzed by using Midas Civil finite element software. The simplified model is used to analyze the seismic response of a bridge in Wenchuan earthquake. The multi-broken line model and hysteretic curve model are used to simulate the basin bearing on the bridge piers of Niulanjiang Bridge. By comparing the calculation results of different models, the assumed conditions and applicable range of each support model are discussed. The fine finite element model is established in ANSYS-Workbench, and the numerical simulation of the basin bearing under unidirectional and bidirectional horizontal loading is carried out, and the different frequencies of the basin bearing are discussed and analyzed. The simple harmonic of displacement with different amplitudes and the relationship between force and displacement under the input condition of unidirectional ground motion are discussed, and the effect of bidirectional coupling effect is discussed. The experimental conditions include harmonic displacement input and ground motion time-history displacement input. The numerical simulation and test results are compared and analyzed. The influence of friction coefficient on the mechanical properties of bridge basin bearing is studied.
【学位授予单位】：中国地震局工程力学研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442.55

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