混凝土湿喷机组控制系统设计与开发

发布时间：2018-04-13 12:13

本文选题：混凝土湿喷机组 + PLC　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：混凝土湿喷机组是一种通过混凝土喷射为隧道提供初次支护技术的工程机械,按照工作原理,大致可分为泵送和风送两种类型。混凝土喷射机组的优势在于就位速度快、喷射效率高、能极大地降低恶劣环境中的作业风险,现在已经越来越广泛地应用到各个采用"新奥法"施工的工程隧道。目前已投入使用的混凝土喷射机组有很大一部分来自于国外引进设备,控制系统技术较为成熟,但价格昂贵,对于现场操作人员和设备维护人员都有极高的要求,另一部分属于国内厂商自主研发,由于设备的结构局限,除了高昂的售价以外,设备的电气控制系统无论是从稳定性、环境适应性或是智能化程度均有较大的改善空间。PSJ配备了自创的转子活塞式送料机构、独特的臂架和底盘系统,针对PSJ混凝土喷射机组的特点,为使其各个系统在工作中发挥最佳效能,需要开发出一套与之匹配的电气控制系统。本文以科学研究院自主研发的转子活塞式砼喷射机组PSJ作为研究对象,PSJ属于风送类湿喷机,主要由转子活塞式湿喷机、主泵电机、速凝剂系统、底盘行走系统、臂架系统、液压系统以及电气控制系统构成。该控制系统采用工业级PLC作为核心控制元件,通过双无线遥控器对臂架系统及湿喷机系统进行远程控制,通过编码器及比例调速阀对湿喷机转子进行PID闭环控制,同时使用变频器对计量泵的输出掺量进行智能调节,在电机启动方面,配置软启动器,提高设备对现场电源的适应能力。采用工业级HMI实现人机交互,通过传感器反馈和软件编程完成系统相应功能的操作、实时工况监测以及智能故障判断。该设备已量产投入市场,控制系统凭借其极强的环境适应性、简易的操作性和便捷的故障维护能力和较高的性价比得到了客户极大的认可。本文介绍了混凝土湿喷机组的发展现状,对比了不同类型喷射机组的控制系统设计,提出了针对PSJ控制系统的设计方案,包括总体方案框架、系统实现功能、硬件选型和软件开发以及实际工程应用等。
[Abstract]:The concrete wet shotcrete unit is a kind of construction machinery which provides the first support technology for the tunnel through concrete spraying. According to the working principle, it can be divided into two types: pump and wind.The advantage of concrete shotcrete unit is that it can greatly reduce the operational risk in the harsh environment because of its high speed of placement and high efficiency of spraying. Now it has been more and more widely used in various engineering tunnels constructed by "New Austrian method".At present, a large part of the concrete shotcrete units that have been put into use come from imported equipment from abroad. The control system technology is more mature, but the price is expensive, so there are very high requirements for field operators and maintenance personnel.The other part is independent research and development by domestic manufacturers. Due to the structural limitations of the equipment, in addition to the high price, the electrical control system of the equipment is no matter from stability.The environment adaptability or the intelligence degree has the big improvement space. PSJ equipped with the self-created rotor-piston feeding mechanism, the unique boom and the chassis system, according to the PSJ concrete spray unit characteristic,It is necessary to develop a matching electric control system in order to achieve the best performance of each system.In this paper, the rotor-piston concrete ejector PSJ developed by the Academy of Sciences is a kind of wind-driven wet jet machine, which is mainly composed of rotor-piston type wet jet machine, main pump motor, accelerant system, chassis walking system, boom system, etc.Hydraulic system and electrical control system constitute.This control system adopts industrial grade PLC as the core control element, carries on the remote control to the boom system and the wet jet machine system through the double wireless remote control, carries on the PID closed loop control to the wet jet machine rotor through the encoder and the proportional speed regulating valve.At the same time, the frequency converter is used to adjust the output quantity of metering pump intelligently. In the aspect of motor starting, soft starter is configured to improve the adaptability of the equipment to the field power supply.The industrial HMI is used to realize man-machine interaction, and the corresponding functions of the system are operated by sensor feedback and software programming, real-time working condition monitoring and intelligent fault judgment are realized.The equipment has been mass-produced and put into the market, and the control system has been greatly recognized by customers because of its strong environmental adaptability, simple operation, convenient fault maintenance ability and high performance-price ratio.This paper introduces the development status of wet shotcrete unit, compares the control system design of different types of spray unit, and puts forward the design scheme for PSJ control system, including the overall scheme framework, system realization function,Hardware selection and software development as well as practical engineering applications.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U455.3

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