高速公路中央分隔带组合式护栏的碰撞安全性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 17:11

本文选题：组合式护栏 + 护栏立柱间距　；参考：《河北工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：中央分隔带护栏是高速公路的一种交通安全措施,是车内人员安全的重要保证。目前国内普遍采用的是分离式单侧护栏,而国外已大规模应用了组合式护栏,因此符合我国国情的组合式护栏设计就具有巨大的研究价值。本文主要工作如下:(1)提出了两种组合式护栏方案,并进行碰撞模拟仿真分析。采用有限元方法,基于客车碰撞规范中Am级护栏防护性能的要求,建立了旧护栏改造和新建护栏两种护栏及客车的有限元模型,利用LS-DYNA软件进行了大客车模型与护栏的碰撞仿真研究。结果显示,基于旧护栏改造的组合式护栏虽然满足各项碰撞安全性评价标准,但是发生了车辆骑跨护栏现象,所以未达到安全防护标准;基于新建的组合式护栏各项指标均达到安全防护标准。(2)针对旧护栏改造的组合式护栏未达到安全评价标准的问题,提出了加厚波形梁、添加横隔梁、增加立柱三种组合式护栏补强改进方案,并进行了碰撞仿真分析。模拟结果表明,三种改进方案都改善了绊阻和骑跨现象的风险,达到了车辆碰撞标准,加厚波形梁和添加横隔梁的补强方案都达到了防护目标,其中添加横隔梁方案的经济效益更好。(3)研究了护栏立柱间距对车辆碰撞防护安全性能的影响。针对新建护栏,分别对2.4m、2.8m、3.0m、3.1m、3.2m和3.6m等6种立柱间距的护栏安全性能展开了细致研究。结果表明,随着立柱间距增大护栏的防撞性能逐渐降低。大致可以判断立柱间距3.1m到3.2m是护栏从合格到不合格的区间。论文中述及的分析方法及研究结论对组合式护栏的进一步优化设计具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:The guardrail of the central partition belt is a kind of traffic safety measure of expressway and an important guarantee for the safety of the personnel in the vehicle.At present, it is widely used in our country, but abroad has applied the composite guardrail on a large scale, so the design of the composite guardrail, which accords with the national conditions of our country, has great research value.The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) two kinds of composite guardrail schemes are proposed, and the collision simulation analysis is carried out.Based on the requirements of the am class guardrail in the crash code for passenger cars, the finite element models of the old guardrail and the new guardrail and the passenger car are established by using the finite element method.The collision simulation of bus model and guardrail is carried out by using LS-DYNA software.The results show that the combined guardrail based on the old guardrail can meet the safety evaluation criteria of collision, but the phenomenon of vehicle riding across the guardrail has occurred, so the safety protection standard has not been reached.Based on each index of newly built composite guardrail to meet the safety protection standard, aiming at the problem that the old composite guardrail did not meet the safety evaluation standard, the thickened waveform beam and the transverse barrier beam were put forward.Three kinds of column composite guardrail reinforcement improvement scheme was added, and impact simulation analysis was carried out.The simulation results show that the three improved schemes can improve the risk of tripping and straddle phenomena, meet the vehicle collision standards, and both the thickened waveform beams and the reinforcement schemes with the added transverse beams have achieved the goal of protection.The effect of column spacing on the safety performance of vehicle collision protection was studied.For the newly built guardrail, the safety performance of 6 kinds of column spacing, such as 2.4mL 2.8mL 3.0mP3.2m and 3.6m, has been studied in detail.The results show that the anti-collision performance of the guardrail decreases with the increase of column spacing.The distance between 3. 1m and 3. 2m can be roughly judged as the interval from qualified to unqualified guardrail.The analysis method and research conclusion mentioned in this paper have reference value for further optimization design of combined guardrail.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U417.12

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