接驳城市轨道交通的微循环公交线路布设方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 01:25

本文选题：公共交通 + 接驳微循环公交　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展,我国很多城市出现了交通拥堵、空气污染等"城市病",优先发展公共交通显得刻不容缓。尽管轨道交通、快速公交等干线公共交通网络日渐完善,却依然存在城市部分区域无法被公共交通覆盖的问题。在此背景下,旨在服务区域内部交通需求和分担干线交通压力,作为一种"最后一公里"公共交通解决方案的微循环公交应运而生并日渐成熟。"地铁送到站,公交送到家"也成为新的公交发展方向。基于此,本文以公共交通可达性低的盲点区域出行难问题为切入点,重点研究接驳轨道交通的微循环公交线路布设方法,所做的工作主要包含以下五个方面:(1)明确微循环公交的概念,分析微循环公交的特点。首先阐述了微循环公交的概念,归纳了微循环公交的分类及特点,之后将其与其他公共交通方式进行了比较,最后分析了微循环公交固定及动态线路模式,总结了微循环公交线路与轨道交通线路的衔接形式。(2)研究了微循环公交线路及客流特性。首先对微循环公交线路基本特征进行了研究,然后从客流量特征、客流出行目的、客流时空间分布特征等方面分析客流数据以掌握其客流规律,最后通过分析微循环公交线路特征与客流的关系,确定了本文的布设线路类型。(3)提出了接驳微循环公交线路的布设方法。在总结接驳微循环公交线路布设的影响因素及原则的基础上,给出了线路布设的流程。然后对于流程中提出的基于区域公交可达性的线路布设区域确定方法和站点选取方法进行了重点研究。(4)构建了接驳微循环公交线路布设模型。在确定线路布设区域的前提下,研究了布设流程中的线路布设模型。从国内小区布局特点及小区居民出行特性入手,基于乘客需求,在考虑线路长度、车辆容量和旅行时间等约束条件下,构建了以最大化线路服务乘客量和最小化线路运营成本为优化目标的多目标规划模型,并分别采用微进化算法和CPLEX对模型进行求解并将结果进行对比。算例验证了模型和微进化算法的有效性。(5)选用北京市海淀区上地地区为背景进行了实例验证,说明了研究的实用价值与意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, traffic jams and air pollution appear in many cities of our country, so it is urgent to give priority to the development of public transportation.Despite the improvement of public transport networks such as rail transit, bus rapid transit and so on, there is still the problem that parts of the city cannot be covered by public transport.In this context, as a kind of "last kilometer" public transportation solution, the micro-circulation public transportation, which aims at serving the internal traffic demand and sharing the traffic pressure of the trunk line, comes into being and becomes more and more mature. "Subway to station, public transport to home "also become a new direction of public transport development."Based on this, this paper focuses on the layout method of microcirculation bus lines for rail transit, which is based on the problem of difficult travel in blind spot areas where public transport has low reachability.The work includes the following five aspects: 1) defining the concept of microcirculation bus and analyzing the characteristics of microcirculation bus.Firstly, the concept of microcirculation public transport is introduced, the classification and characteristics of microcirculation public transportation are summarized, and then compared with other public transportation modes, finally, the fixed and dynamic route modes of microcirculatory public transport are analyzed.The paper summarizes the connection form of microcirculation bus line and rail transit line, and studies the characteristics of microcirculation bus line and passenger flow.Firstly, the basic characteristics of microcirculation bus line are studied, then the passenger flow data are analyzed from the aspects of passenger flow characteristics, purpose of passenger flow travel, spatial distribution of passenger flow time and so on, in order to master the rules of passenger flow.Finally, by analyzing the relationship between the characteristics of microcirculation bus lines and the passenger flow, the type of layout lines in this paper is determined, and the layout method of connecting microcirculation bus lines is put forward.On the basis of summing up the influencing factors and principles of the layout of microcirculation bus lines, the flow chart of route layout is given.Then, the method of determining the route location and the method of selecting the station based on the reachability of the regional public transportation are studied in the process. 4) the layout model of the bus line connected with microcirculation is constructed.On the premise of determining the route layout area, the line layout model in the layout process is studied.Starting with the layout characteristics of domestic residential areas and the travel characteristics of residents, based on the passenger demand, considering the line length, vehicle capacity and travel time and other constraints,A multi-objective programming model with the objective of maximizing the number of passengers serving the line and minimizing the line operation cost is constructed. The model is solved by using microevolutionary algorithm and CPLEX, respectively, and the results are compared.An example is given to verify the validity of the model and the microevolutionary algorithm. The practical value and significance of the study are illustrated by a case study in the Shangdi area of Haidian District, Beijing.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.17

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