西安市交通生态足迹分析及机动车出行控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 11:00

本文选题：交通生态足迹 + 出行控制　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市道路系统对大量不可再生资源的消耗,对城市生态环境造成了重要的影响。论文对城市道路交通系统中车辆的化石能源消耗、污染物的排放做出客观的评价,给出未来年随着机动车增长,在交通生态足迹控制下的车辆合理出行里程。本文构建出基于城市交通噪声污染改进的交通生态足迹核算模型,提出城市交通生态足迹的计算账户应该由三部分组成:建筑用地生态足迹、化石能源地生态足迹和环境污染消解生态足迹,其中环境污染消解生态足迹包括大气污染生态足迹和噪声污染生态足迹。论文通过查阅统计数据、文献调研和实地调查的方法得到西安市机动车的保有量、分车型构成状况、车辆百公里能耗、年平均行驶里程、机动车单车排放因子等关键性数据,并对西安市的机动车进行交通生态足迹核算;并对西安市所有生产生活活动的生态足迹进行计算,进行对比,得出西安市2013年交通生态足迹占到总生态足迹的9.1%,但仅机动车尾气污染就占到总的大气污染的27.8%,说明机动车对大气污染的贡献率不容小视。从不同车型的生态足迹贡献来看,大货车的生态足迹最大,约占41%,小客车次之,约占31%。从占用的土地类型来看,最重要的组成部分为化石能源地生态足迹,约占83%,机动车带来的环境污染足迹次之,约占7.5%;而道路交通设施等直接占用的土地面积最少,仅占0.26%,几乎可以忽略。从这一结果出发,论文第四章对每种车型的足迹控制问题进行分析,并针对小客车的交通生态足迹控制展开研究:首先预测了西安市未来7年的机动车保有量,然后构建了小客车生态足迹与行驶里程之间的关系模型,根据这一模型给出了几种不同生态足迹影响程度下的控制里程,量化出小客车基于生态足迹控制的出行里程。最后针对前文计算,提出西安市的小客车交通生态足迹的控制对策。
[Abstract]:The consumption of urban road system to a large number of non-renewable resources has an important impact on the urban ecological environment.The paper makes an objective evaluation on the fossil energy consumption and pollutant emission of vehicles in urban road traffic system, and gives the reasonable travel mileage of vehicles under the control of traffic ecological footprint with the increase of motor vehicles in the coming years.In this paper, an improved traffic ecological footprint accounting model based on urban traffic noise pollution is constructed, and the calculation account of urban traffic ecological footprint should be composed of three parts: ecological footprint of construction land.The ecological footprint of fossil energy land and environmental pollution are digested, and the ecological footprint of environmental pollution includes air pollution ecological footprint and noise pollution ecological footprint.In this paper, the key data such as vehicle ownership, vehicle composition, energy consumption per hundred kilometers, average mileage per year, emission factors of motor vehicles and so on are obtained by consulting statistical data, literature investigation and field investigation.And carries on the transportation ecological footprint accounting to the Xi'an motor vehicle, and carries on the computation to the Xi'an all production life activity ecological footprint, carries on the contrast,It is concluded that traffic ecological footprint accounts for 9.1% of the total ecological footprint in 2013, but vehicle exhaust pollution alone accounts for 27.8% of the total air pollution, indicating that the contribution rate of motor vehicles to air pollution should not be underestimated.From the contribution of ecological footprint of different models, the ecological footprint of large freight cars is the largest, accounting for 41%, followed by passenger cars, accounting for 31%.In terms of the type of land occupied, the most important component is the ecological footprint of fossil energy land, which accounts for about 833%, followed by the footprint of environmental pollution caused by motor vehicles, accounting for about 7.5%; and the land area directly occupied by road and transportation facilities is the least.Only 0.26 percent, almost negligible.From this result, the fourth chapter of the paper analyzes the footprint control of each type of vehicle, and studies the traffic ecological footprint control of passenger cars. First, the vehicle ownership in Xi'an in the next 7 years is predicted.Then, the relationship model between ecological footprint and mileage of passenger cars is constructed. According to this model, several kinds of controlled mileage with different degrees of ecological footprint are given, and the trip mileage of passenger cars based on ecological footprint control is quantified.Finally, according to the previous calculation, the control countermeasures of the ecological footprint of passenger cars in Xi'an are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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