阳灵隧道充填岩溶区围岩塌方机理与防控技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 20:19

本文选题：充填岩溶 + 塌方机理　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国可溶岩地层广泛分布,特殊的赋存环境与地质营力作用形成了具有独特物理力学特性的充填岩溶地质。由于充填岩溶地质研究中存在一系列问题与工程地质灾害的特殊性,目前对充填岩溶区围岩塌方机理相关研究涉及较少。随着隧道工程在岩溶区大规模修建,充填岩溶区围岩塌方灾害与防控问题日益突出,亟需开展充填岩溶区围岩塌方机理与防控技术研究,为充填岩溶区隧道建设与运营提供理论依据和技术支持。本文以阳灵隧道充填岩溶地质为研究对象,综合运用数值模拟、理论分析、现场实测等技术手段,研究了充填岩溶体不同规模、不同空间位置状态下及不同力学参数条件下围岩塑性区规模发展分布特性,揭示了充填岩溶区围岩突变式塌方与渐进式塌方机理,针对两种灾变模式研究了充填岩溶区围岩塌方防控技术。论文主要研究成果如下:(1)结合阳灵隧道区域工程地质与水文地质,分析了岩溶发育条件,运用地质理论研究了阳灵隧道岩溶赋存特征;结合地质力学及隧道施工力学分析了充填岩溶区围岩塌方影响因素,采用层次分析法确定了充填岩溶区围岩塌方主要影响因素,在此基础上运用正交试验方法得到了充填岩溶区围岩塌方主要影响因素的显著性。(2)基于充填岩溶体赋存特征及其对隧道围岩稳定性影响显著性分析,建立FLAC3D数值模型研究了充填岩溶区围岩位移、应力及塑性区发展分布规律,揭示了充填岩溶区突变式塌方与渐进式塌方两类围岩破坏失稳机理。(3)基于突变理论研究了突变式塌方机理,构建了关键岩层的尖点突变模型,导出了关键岩层失稳破坏的力学判据,揭示了突变式塌方围岩位移与塑性区体积的突跳性、滞后性及多模态特性,并结合薄板理论与经典强度理论导出了最小关键岩层厚度经验公式。(4)采用控制变量法研究了渐进式塌方机理,分析了渐进式塌方围岩位移、应力及塑性区发展分布规律,揭示其渐进破坏与滞后性特性;归纳了充填岩溶体与断层两因素对渐进式塌方规模三种控制状态。(5)基于充填岩溶体赋存特征与塌方机理,研究了充填岩溶区围岩塌方防控技术,针对突变式塌方提出了不良地质体定位和岩体加固与超前支护技术,针对渐进式塌方提出了不良地质体定位和信息化施工技术;针对充填岩溶区围岩塌方控制问题提出了塌方应急措施与塌方体治理技术。基于充填岩溶区围岩塌方控制技术研究成果,提出了阳灵隧道充填岩溶区围岩塌方防控技术方案,并成功应用于工程实践。
[Abstract]:The karst filling geology with unique physical and mechanical characteristics is formed by the special environment and the action of geological forces, due to the widespread distribution of soluble rock strata in China.Due to the existence of a series of problems in the study of filling karst geology and the particularity of engineering geological disasters, there are few researches on the mechanism of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area.With the large-scale construction of tunnel engineering in karst area, the problems of landslide disaster and prevention and control of surrounding rock in filling karst area are becoming more and more serious, so it is urgent to carry out research on mechanism and prevention and control technology of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area.To provide theoretical basis and technical support for tunnel construction and operation in karst filling area.Taking the filling karst geology of Yangling tunnel as the research object, this paper studies the different scale of filling karst body by means of numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, field measurement and so on.Under the condition of different spatial position and different mechanical parameters, the development and distribution characteristics of plastic zone scale of surrounding rock are revealed, and the mechanism of sudden collapse and progressive collapse of surrounding rock in filling karst area is revealed.Based on two catastrophic models, the landslide prevention and control technology of surrounding rock in filling karst area is studied.The main research results are as follows: (1) combining with the regional engineering geology and hydrogeology of Yangling tunnel, the karst development conditions are analyzed, and the karst occurrence characteristics of Yangling tunnel are studied by using geological theory.Combined with geomechanics and tunnel construction mechanics, the influencing factors of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area are analyzed, and the main influencing factors of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area are determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP).On the basis of this, the significance of the main influencing factors of the surrounding rock collapse in the filling karst area is obtained by using the orthogonal test method. (2) based on the analysis of the occurrence characteristics of the filling karst body and its influence on the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, the significance of the influence on the stability of the surrounding rock is analyzed.The FLAC3D numerical model is established to study the distribution of displacement, stress and plasticity of surrounding rock in filling karst area.This paper reveals the failure and instability mechanism of two kinds of rock mass in filling karst area: catastrophe collapse and progressive collapse. Based on the catastrophe theory, the catastrophe collapse mechanism is studied, and the cusp catastrophe model of key rock is constructed.The mechanical criteria for the instability and failure of key rock formations are derived, and the sudden jump, hysteresis and multimodal characteristics of the displacement of the sudden collapse surrounding rock and the volume of the plastic zone are revealed.Combined with thin plate theory and classical strength theory, the empirical formula of minimum critical rock thickness is derived. The control variable method is used to study the mechanism of progressive collapse, and the distribution of displacement, stress and plastic zone of progressive collapse surrounding rock is analyzed.The characteristics of progressive failure and hysteresis are revealed, and three control states of progressive collapse scale by two factors of filling karst body and fault are summarized. Based on the occurrence characteristics and collapse mechanism of filling karst body, the prevention and control technology of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area is studied.Aiming at the sudden collapse, the paper puts forward the bad geological body location and rock mass reinforcement and advance support technology, and puts forward the bad geological body positioning and information construction technology for the progressive landslide.According to the control of surrounding rock collapse in filling karst area, the emergency measures of landslide and the technique of landslide treatment are put forward.Based on the research results of surrounding rock collapse control technology in filling karst area, the technical scheme of wall rock collapse prevention and control in filling karst area of Yangling tunnel is put forward, and it is successfully applied in engineering practice.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U458.3

【参考文献】