公共自行车两阶段调度策略与模型及求解方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 10:34

本文选题：公共自行车系统 + 用户满意度　；参考：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城市问题日益增多,“绿色出行”理念越来越深入人心,公共自行车系统应运而生,并得到迅猛发展。但在实际运营过程中存在的调度问题,即如何解决用户“借车难、还车难”和如何使企业运营成本最小化,始终制约着公共自行车系统的长期发展。根据国内外运营经验和相关研究成果发现,合理的调度是解决这些问题的关键方法之一。本文对杭州、上海、武汉和巴黎等国内外的公共自行车系统运营现状进行了分析总结,结合公共自行车系统的特点和实际状况,提出了公共自行车的车辆调度的需求量分析方法。调度需求量的确定要充分发挥公共自行车的社会性和公益性,同时,在最大化满足用户的借还需求下,使企业的调度成本达到最小。在分析了各种调度优化模型和策略的基础上,本文提出了一个两阶段调度模型优化策略。考虑到用户满意度和成本因素,本文对公共自行车系统中影响调度的因素进行了分析,给出了量化表示方法。结合两阶段调度策略,建立了带有预测机制、用户满意度和用时最少的多目标调度模型。在对车辆调度中的调度算法和相关求解方法进行分析比较,以及调度操作要求和调度模型的特点的基础上,本文给出了一个基于邻域搜索的模型求解方法。以温州市鹿城区的实际运营数据为例,分别选择不同数量的租赁点进行模拟调度,对其中的调度参数做实验对比分析。实验结果表明本文的调度优化模型充分考虑到了用户满意度,调度成本达到最小。最后,本文设计并开发了一个公共自行车调度系统,将两阶段调度策略、调度优化模型和求解算法集成到系统中。该系统实现了调度管理、路径规划、租赁点管理和调度人员管理等功能,方便了调度人员的操作使用和高效率工作。
[Abstract]:With the increasing number of urban problems, the concept of "green travel" is becoming more and more popular, and the public bicycle system emerges as the times require and develops rapidly.However, the scheduling problems in the actual operation process, that is, how to solve the problem of "difficult to borrow and return vehicles" and how to minimize the operating costs of enterprises, have always restricted the long-term development of the public bicycle system.According to domestic and foreign operation experience and related research results, reasonable scheduling is one of the key methods to solve these problems.This paper analyzes and summarizes the operation status of public bicycle system in Hangzhou, Shanghai, Wuhan and Paris, and combines the characteristics and actual situation of public bicycle system.A method for analyzing the demand of public bicycle vehicle scheduling is presented.In order to determine the scheduling demand, we should give full play to the sociality and commonweal of public bicycles, and at the same time, make the scheduling cost of enterprises reach the minimum under the condition of maximizing the demand of users.Based on the analysis of various scheduling optimization models and policies, a two-stage scheduling model optimization strategy is proposed in this paper.Considering the factors of customer satisfaction and cost, this paper analyzes the factors that affect the scheduling of public bicycle system, and gives a quantitative representation method.Based on the two-stage scheduling strategy, a multi-objective scheduling model with prediction mechanism, user satisfaction and time consumption is established.On the basis of analyzing and comparing the scheduling algorithm and the related solving methods in vehicle scheduling, as well as the requirements of scheduling operation and the characteristics of scheduling model, a model solving method based on neighborhood search is presented in this paper.Taking the actual operation data of Lucheng District of Wenzhou as an example, different numbers of leasing points are selected for simulation scheduling, and the scheduling parameters are compared and analyzed experimentally.The experimental results show that the scheduling optimization model takes user satisfaction into account and the scheduling cost is minimal.Finally, a public bicycle scheduling system is designed and developed, which integrates two-stage scheduling strategy, scheduling optimization model and solution algorithm into the system.The system realizes the functions of scheduling management, path planning, rent-point management and dispatcher management. It is convenient for the dispatcher to operate and work efficiently.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.225;TP301.6

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