地震荷载作用下桥板—橡胶支座与墩顶相对位移的研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 05:48

本文选题：简支梁桥 + 横向相对位移　；参考：《西南交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：调查表明,在地震作用下,简支梁桥桥墩和基础的损害较小,但桥板和盖梁之间通常都会存在横向相对移位。当横向相对位移过大时,可能出现落梁等结构失效情况。现有的研究主要针对减隔震支座在桥梁工程中的应用,但对地震作用下桥板滑动位移和地震动参数的关系研究较少。为了研究地震作用下简支梁桥桥板和盖梁间的横向相对位移,采用OpenSees软件建立了1座有代表性的有限元桥梁模型,选取了1394对同时含水平和竖向分量的地震动录作为激励施加在桥梁模型的桥墩底部,计算得到桥板的最大相对位移。根据计算结果,采用随机效应方法进行统计回归,建立了三个经验模型：模型一用桥梁周期、跨度、震级、震源距、场地周期、峰值加速度来估计桥板的最大相对位移；模型二不考虑模型一的参数峰值加速度；模型三不考虑模型一的参数震级和震源距。通过残差分析,验证了三类模型的有效性。基于工程的实用价值,模型一、二可用于区域性桥梁设计,而模型三可用于估计各个地震烈度区桥板的最大相对位移。分析得出结论：模型一最为可靠,其余两个模型也可以根据具体条件来选择使用；基于经验公式中其余参数已知的情况,横向相对位移会随震级、场地周期和桥梁周期的增大而增大,随震源距、摩擦系数的增大而减小以上模型依据超越概率可以用于桥梁的可靠度分析,为进一步提出基于位移反应谱的简支梁桥搭接长度的设计提供理论基础和研究方法,对桥梁抗震设计具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:The investigation shows that the damage to piers and foundations of simply supported beam bridges is relatively small under earthquake, but there is usually a relative lateral displacement between bridge slab and cover beam. When the lateral relative displacement is too large, the failure of structure such as falling beam may occur. The existing researches mainly focus on the application of isolation bearings in bridge engineering, but there is little research on the relationship between the sliding displacement of bridge plate and the parameters of ground motion under earthquake. In order to study the transverse relative displacement between slab and cover beam of simply supported beam bridge under seismic action, a representative finite element model of bridge is established by using OpenSees software. 1394 pairs of ground motion records with both horizontal and vertical components are selected as excitation at the bottom of the pier of the bridge model and the maximum relative displacement of the bridge plate is calculated. Based on the results of the calculation, three empirical models are established by using the stochastic effect method. Model one estimates the maximum relative displacement of the bridge slab by using bridge period, span, magnitude, focal distance, site period and peak acceleration. Model 2 does not consider the peak acceleration of model 1, and model 3 does not consider the magnitude and focal distance of model 1. The validity of the three kinds of models is verified by residual analysis. Based on the practical value of engineering models 1 and 2 can be used in regional bridge design while model 3 can be used to estimate the maximum relative displacement of bridge plates in different seismic intensity areas. It is concluded that the first model is the most reliable, and the other two models can be used according to specific conditions. Based on the known parameters in the empirical formula, the lateral relative displacement will follow the magnitude of the earthquake. With the increase of focal distance and friction coefficient, the above models can be used to analyze the reliability of bridges according to the transcendental probability. This paper provides a theoretical basis and a research method for the design of the lap length of a simply supported beam bridge based on displacement response spectrum, which is of great significance to the seismic design of the bridge.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U442.55

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