集装箱分散堆放下的码头泊位—集卡—箱区协调调度

发布时间：2018-04-28 16:46

本文选题：集装箱码头 + 装卸作业系统　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着港口数量逐渐增多,集装箱码头间的竞争越来越为激烈。为了吸引更多的客户,码头经营者不断采取扩大码头生产规模,完善码头基础设施,引入先进科学管理技术,转变原有生产作业模式等措施。现有集装箱码头已具备一定的生产规模,设施设备基本完善,管理技术相对成熟,所以提升码头核心竞争力的关键就在于转变原有生产作业模式。为了吸引客户和提高集装箱进港、中装箱中转效率,港口开始实施出口箱随机入港以及中转箱随机堆放策略,导致本地出口箱和外来中转箱在码头堆场的分散堆放。就此,如何对泊位调度、集卡路径和箱区选择进行协调调度,来提高集装箱在码头的周转速率,减小作业设备空载率而降低港口运营成本,成为集装箱码头装卸作业系统调度决策的重点及该领域研究的难点。因此,考虑出口箱和中转箱在码头堆场的分散堆放状况,对集装箱码头装卸作业系统中的多个关键环节进行协调调度,具有重大的学术价值和实际意义。泊位、集卡、箱区作为码头装卸作业的三个关键环节,发挥着点-线-点的功能。综合考虑待装集装箱的分散堆放对码头装卸作业环节的影响,泊位调度、集卡路径及箱区选择三环节之间的相互作用,以及码头多种装卸作业方式,本文提出了集装箱分散堆放下的泊位、集卡、箱区协调调度。在模型构建部分,结合岸桥对甲板箱与舱内箱的不同作业方法,本文以船舶泊位分配和待卸集装箱的箱区选择为决策变量,以所有集卡行驶总路径和集卡空程率最小为目标函数,构建了协调调度与同步优化混合整数规划模型。然后,根据问题属性和模型特点设计了基于三层染色体编码的遗传算法。最后,应用实际案例与对比分析,验证了本文模型和算法的有效性。计算结果表明：在码头集装箱分散堆放的情况下,本文提出的协调调度与同步优化方法,可同步确定最佳船舶停靠泊位、集卡行驶路径和待卸集装箱箱区,所有集卡行驶总路径较集装箱集中堆放策略缩短12.25%,多种作业方式并存的集卡空程率较独立装卸作业降低18.83%,提高了集卡利用率及作业效率,从而为码头装卸作业系统多环节间的协调调度提供一定的决策支持。
[Abstract]:With the increasing number of ports, the competition between container terminals is becoming more and more fierce. In order to attract more customers, wharf operators continue to take measures such as enlarging the scale of wharf production, perfecting the infrastructure of wharf, introducing advanced scientific management technology and changing the original production operation mode. The existing container terminal has a certain production scale, facilities and equipment are basically perfect, management technology is relatively mature, so the key to enhance the core competitiveness of the terminal is to change the original production operation mode. In order to attract customers and improve the efficiency of container loading and transit, the port began to implement the strategy of random entry of export boxes and random stacking of transfer boxes, which led to the scattered stacking of local export boxes and foreign transfer boxes in the terminal yard. Therefore, how to coordinate the berth scheduling, card path and box area selection in order to increase the turnover rate of containers at the terminal, reduce the no-load rate of operation equipment and reduce the port operation cost, It has become the key point of dispatching decision of container terminal loading and unloading system and the difficulty of research in this field. Therefore, it is of great academic value and practical significance to consider the decentralized stacking of export boxes and transfer boxes in the terminal yard and to coordinate the scheduling of several key links in the container terminal handling system. Berth, collection card and box area are the three key links of dock loading and unloading, and play the function of point-line-point. Considering the influence of the scattered stacking of the container to be loaded on the loading and unloading operation link of the wharf, the berth scheduling, the interaction among the three links of collecting the card path and the selection of the box area, as well as the various loading and unloading operation modes of the wharf. This paper puts forward coordinated dispatching of berth, card and box area under container scattered stacking. In the part of model construction, combined with the different working methods of shore bridge to deck tank and tank, this paper takes the choice of container area of ship berth allocation and container to be unloaded as decision variable. The mixed integer programming model of coordinated scheduling and synchronization optimization was constructed with the objective function of the total path of all cards and the minimum rate of space history of the cards. Then, a genetic algorithm based on three-layer chromosome coding is designed according to the problem attributes and model characteristics. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is verified by practical cases and comparative analysis. The calculation results show that the coordinated scheduling and synchronization optimization method proposed in this paper can synchronously determine the optimal berth of the ship, the path of the container to be loaded and the container area to be unloaded under the condition of scattered stacking of the container at the terminal. Compared with the centralized stacking strategy of container, the total path of all collecting cards is 12.25 shorter than that of the container centralized stacking strategy, and the empty rate of collecting cards with multiple operation modes is 18.83 lower than that of independent loading and unloading operations, which improves the utilization ratio of collecting cards and the efficiency of operation. Therefore, it can provide decision support for the coordination and scheduling of multi-links in the terminal loading and unloading system.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U691.3

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