多维航道模型及应用关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 18:02

本文选题：数字航道 + 多维航道模型　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：随着我国航运业和航道建设的发展,以及地理空间数据应用研究的发展,内河航道信息化建设,尤其是航道测绘的地理空间数据的应用,取得了极大的进步。空间信息应用作为数字航道研究的重要内容,可以为船舶用户和监管部门提供航道实时的动态信息。因此,更高效、更丰富的航道空间数据模型及其应用系统对于船舶用户和监管部门具有重要的意义。在长江南京航道局“多维数字航道基础平台关键技术研究”科技项目的资助下,本文开展了多维数字航道空间信息应用研究,在理论方法和工程应用中探索多维数字航道的空间数据模型及其应用关键技术,完成了以下七个方面的研究工作：(1)为了提供更加丰富的数字航道空间信息,有别于传统的二维电子航道图,本文分析了数字航道的不同空间数据类型包括测深信息、导航标志、岸上地形信息、沿岸建筑物和基础设施等信息的多维表达方式,设计了以二三维多源空间信息融合为基础的多维航道模型。(2)基于多维航道模型设计,针对其水下地形的三维空间表达问题,提出了多分辨率水下地形构建算法。首先,构建了陆上地形金字塔数据模型,设计了地形数据与水深数据融合的阈值计算方法；然后,采用分层距离加权平均的方法逐层进行数据融合,将陆上地形数据与水深数据相融合。(3)基于多维航道模型设计,针对其在三维空间中多比例电子航道图与遥感影像和水下三维地形的融合问题,提出了多比例尺电子航道图数据融合算法。在三维场景中,研究了多比例尺电子航道图数据与遥感影像数据和水下地形数据融合的具体流程,包括多比例尺电子航道图数据的视相关可视化方法,电子航道图图幅处理的顺序问题、图幅裁剪和图幅拼接的方法,电子航道图中物标的绘制方法,以及物标的拾取方法等。(4)三维模型能表达更加丰富的空间信息,为了更高效和精确地将三维模型融合到多维航道模型中,本文提出了基于矢量数据的三维模型数据融合算法。首先,给出了三维模型的描述方法,定义了用于三维模型投影计算的简单网格的概念,设计了相交测试方法、通用逆时针排序算法和轮廓提取算法等；然后,基于上述基本概念和计算方法研究了三维模型基于矢量数据的融合流程,包括姿态调整、大小调整和位置匹配。(5)针对当前的航道空间数据应用习惯,研究了多维航道模型的Mercator变换,将多维航道模型在球面坐标和Mercator投影场景坐标之间进行变换,并对变换方法进行了分析。(6)基于多维航道模型,参照二维电子航道图系统、三维数字地球系统和数字航道相关业务系统,设计了多维航道基础平台的功能结构和系统架构,并研究了多维航道模型绘制相关的多图层技术、视点相关LOD可视化技术、异步多线程方法、数据调度的预读策略以及基于视点和视角的模型转换和隐藏方法等,构建了多维航道基础平台。(7)将多维航道基础平台应用于船舶导航和航道监控。针对多维航道模型中船舶等动态目标的绘制和信息查询需求,提出了动态目标的折半抽稀、多细节层次目标符号的绘制方法以及基于光线投射思想的目标拾取方法。设计开发了多维航道监控应用系统,实现基于多维航道模型的航标、水位和船舶监控；设计开发了多维船舶导航应用系统,实现多维航道模型中的船舶导航功能。基于上述研究,为数字航道构建了一个新的空间数据组织模型,并在船舶导航和航道监控应用研究中证明了模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's navigation and navigation and waterway construction, as well as the development of geospatial data application research, the application of inland waterway information construction, especially the application of geospatial data in navigation channel mapping, has made great progress. As the important content of digital channel research, space information application can be provided for ship users and supervision departments. Therefore, the more efficient, more abundant channel space data model and its application system are of great significance for the ship users and the supervision department. Under the help of the "key technology research" of the "multi-dimensional digital channel basic platform" of the Nanjing channel bureau of the Yangtze River, this paper has carried out the multidimensional digital channel space letter. In the study of interest application, the spatial data model of multidimensional digital channel and its key technology are explored in the theoretical method and engineering application. The following seven aspects are completed: (1) in order to provide more abundant spatial information of digital channel, different from the traditional two-dimensional electronic channel diagram, this paper analyzes the different space of the digital channel. The data types include the multidimensional expression of information such as sounding information, navigation marks, shore terrain information, coastal buildings and infrastructure and so on. The multidimensional channel model based on the fusion of two three-dimensional multi-source space information is designed. (2) based on the multi-dimensional channel model, the three-dimensional spatial expression of its underwater terrain is proposed. First, the land terrain Pyramid data model is constructed, and the threshold calculation method of terrain data and water depth data fusion is designed. Then, the layered distance weighted average method is used to fuse the data layer by layer to merge the land terrain data with the water depth data. (3) the multi-dimensional channel model is set up. In view of the fusion of multi scale electronic channel map, remote sensing image and underwater 3D terrain in three-dimensional space, a multi scale electronic channel map data fusion algorithm is proposed. In the three-dimensional scene, the concrete flow of multi scale electronic channel map data, remote sensing image data and underwater terrain data fusion is studied, including dobby. The visual correlation visualization method for the data of the ulnar electronic channel map, the sequence of Tutu amplitude processing in the electronic channel, the method of map clipping and image splicing, the drawing method of the object mark in the electronic channel map, and the pickup method of the object. (4) the three-dimensional model can express more abundant spatial information, in order to more efficiently and accurately the 3D model In the multi-dimensional channel model, this paper presents a 3D model data fusion algorithm based on vector data. Firstly, the description method of 3D model is given. The concept of simple mesh used for 3D model projection calculation is defined, intersecting test method, general inverse clockwise sorting algorithm and contour extraction algorithm are designed, and then, Based on the above basic concepts and calculation methods, the fusion process of 3D model based on vector data is studied, including attitude adjustment, size adjustment and position matching. (5) the Mercator transformation of multidimensional channel model is studied for the application habits of the current channel space data, and the multidimensional channel model is sitting in spherical coordinates and Mercator projection scenes. The transformation method is transformed and the transformation method is analyzed. (6) based on the multi-dimensional channel model, the three-dimensional digital earth system and the digital channel related business system are based on the two-dimensional electronic channel model system, and the functional structure and system architecture of the multi-dimensional channel basic platform are designed, and the multi-dimensional channel model is also studied to draw the related multi graph layer techniques. Operation, visual point related LOD visualization, asynchronous multithreading method, pre reading strategy of data scheduling, model conversion and hiding method based on view point and view, and so on. (7) multidimensional channel base platform is applied to ship navigation and channel monitoring. The demand of drawing and information query is required, the half pumping of dynamic target, the drawing method of multi detail level target symbol and the method of target Picking Based on the ray projection idea are proposed. The multi-dimensional channel monitoring and application system is designed and developed to realize the navigation mark, water level and ship monitoring based on the multidimensional channel model, and the multi-dimensional ship guide is designed and developed. The navigation function of the multidimensional channel model is realized by the navigation application system. Based on the above research, a new spatial data organization model is built for the digital channel, and the validity of the model is proved in the research on the application of ship navigation and channel monitoring.

【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U612

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