考虑交叉口影响的城市路网脆弱性分析

发布时间：2018-04-29 15:20

本文选题：城市路网脆弱性 + 局部影响范围　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：路网脆弱性研究的主要目的是识别路网中的薄弱环节,快速有效地识别路网中的脆弱单元有助于保证道路交通网络的稳定运行和社会经济的稳健发展。目前路网脆弱性的研究过多的注重评价指标的选取,而忽略了实际路网特点,对城市道路网络与公路网络不加以明确区分。为此,本文在对城市路网脆弱性进行分析时将综合考虑城市道路网络的特点。城市道路网络路网密度高,可替代路径较多,单一路网单元的失效通常只会对局部范围内的交通流运行产生影响。所以本文在进行流量重分配时只在局部影响范围内进行,对于局部影响范围内需要重分配的交通需求通过OD反推的方法进行获取。在进行流量重分配时,还需要考虑路网单元失效引起的其他路段的级联失效。城市道路路段长度不长,交叉口较多,而交叉口作为城市道路网络中通行能力的瓶颈,对于交通流的运行存在着重要的影响,但是传统的路网级联失效模型忽略了交叉口对于交通流的影响。所以,本文将综合考虑路段与交叉口对于交通流运行的影响,对传统的路网级联失效模型进行改进。关于路网单元脆弱性评价指标的构建,本文将选用出行时间的变化率作为评价指标。传统的方法是直接使用路段总行驶时间的变化或变化率来进行评价,但这种方法忽略了交叉口对于交通流运行的影响。对于城市道路网络来说,交叉口对于交通流运行存在着重要的影响,所以本文将以路段总行驶时间和交叉口总服务时间之和的变化率来作为路网单元的脆弱性评价指标。最后,通过案例分析对本文提出的城市路网脆弱性评价方法进行验证。结果表明:本文改进的级联失效模型和提出的城市路网脆弱性评价指标都有助于提高脆弱性的计算精度。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of the research on road network vulnerability is to identify the weak links in the road network, and to identify the fragile units in the road network quickly and effectively to ensure the stable operation of the road traffic network and the steady development of social economy. At present, too much attention is paid to the selection of evaluation indexes in the study of road network vulnerability, and the characteristics of the actual road network are ignored, and the distinction between urban road network and highway network is not clear. Therefore, the characteristics of urban road network will be taken into account when analyzing the vulnerability of urban road network. The density of urban road network is high and the number of alternative paths is more. The failure of single road network unit usually only affects the local traffic flow operation. So this paper only carries on in the local influence range when carrying on the flow redistribution, and obtains the traffic demand which needs to be redistributed in the local influence range by the method of OD backstepping. The cascade failure of other sections caused by the failure of road network unit should also be considered in the process of flow redistribution. The length of urban road section is not long, and there are many intersections. As the bottleneck of traffic capacity in urban road network, intersection has an important impact on the operation of traffic flow. But the traditional cascade failure model ignores the influence of intersection on traffic flow. Therefore, this paper will consider the impact of road sections and intersections on traffic flow operation, and improve the traditional cascade failure model of road network. Regarding the construction of vulnerability evaluation index of road network unit, this paper chooses the change rate of travel time as the evaluation index. The traditional method is to use the change of total driving time or rate of change directly to evaluate the traffic flow, but this method ignores the influence of intersection on the traffic flow. For urban road network, intersection has an important impact on traffic flow, so this paper will take the change rate of the sum of total travel time and total service time of intersection as the vulnerability evaluation index of road network unit. Finally, the method of vulnerability assessment of urban road network is verified by case study. The results show that the improved cascade failure model and the proposed vulnerability evaluation index of urban road network are helpful to improve the calculation accuracy of vulnerability.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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