柱—板式构件抗震性能试验研究及有限元分析

发布时间：2018-05-01 13:17

本文选题：柱板式结构 + 拟静力试验　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国地域辽阔,受地形和地质条件的限制,很多高铁线路、客运专线等工程项目经常要跨越江河湖泊、峡谷、高烈度地震区等复杂地形。因此,高墩桥梁的发展和应用日益突出。国内目前对高墩的抗震研究主要集中在传统圆端形或矩形空心高墩的研究,然而传统空心高墩在抗震性能上存在较多的不足,为了能够进一步提高和改善空心高墩的抗震性能,国外研究并应用了一种在抗震性能方面明显优于传统空心高墩的新型截面空心高墩-柱板式空心高墩,但国内当前几乎还没有针对柱板式高墩的理论及试验研究,为系统的了解该类桥墩的破坏模式以及滞回特性,本文以黄韩侯铁路纵目沟特大桥柱板式桥墩为原型,截取该桥5#柱板式空心墩的第三个阶段进行试验模型的设计,制作4个横向、3个纵向柱板式以及与纵向对应的一个框架式三类构件模型,共计8个试验模型,设计比例尺为1:10,通过拟静力试验以及ABAQUS有限元数值分析,研究了柱板结构的破坏特征、受力特性以及滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度衰减、延性、耗能能力等抗震特性,并对比分析了柱板式结构由于“柱-板”的相互作用所引起的与框架结构在抗震性能、受力特性和破坏特征等方面的不同,得到结论如下:(1)柱板结构的破坏从板上孔周围出现剪切斜裂缝开始,加载至一定荷载,当板发生剪切破坏时柱还未屈服,随着加载的不断进行,柱最终发生弯曲破坏;框架构件的破坏为典型的弯曲破坏。(2)柱板结构具有较好的耗能能力,滞回曲线面积大,耗能多,刚度退化较慢,具有较强的刚度和变形能力,而且当板通过耗能发生破坏后,柱仍有很大的承载力和刚度,能够确保主体结构的不倒塌;从框架构件与柱板结构的恢复力特性曲线可以看出,柱板构件由于“柱-板”的相互作用明显提高了结构的抗力、刚度、总耗能及延性,抗震性能优越。(3)增加柱板结构板的宽度,能够明显提高结构的强度、刚度、延性以及达到破坏时结构的累积耗能,但在同一位移条件下的能量耗散系数较小;柱板结构与框架结构相比,柱板结构在位移较小时能量耗散系数较大,位移增大到一定值后能量耗散系数会出现略小于框架结构,但结构累积消耗的总能量和延性都明显增大。
[Abstract]:Due to the limitation of terrain and geological conditions, many projects such as high-speed railway line and passenger dedicated line often cross rivers, lakes, canyons, high intensity earthquake areas and other complex terrain. Therefore, the development and application of high pier bridges are increasingly prominent. At present, the seismic research of high pier is mainly focused on the traditional round end or rectangular hollow high pier. However, the traditional hollow high pier has many shortcomings in seismic performance, in order to further improve and improve the seismic performance of hollow high pier. A new type of hollow high pier with hollow section and column type is studied and applied in foreign countries, which is obviously superior to the traditional hollow high pier in seismic performance. However, there is almost no theoretical and experimental research on the column type high pier in China at present. In order to understand systematically the failure mode and hysteretic characteristics of this kind of piers, this paper takes the pillared slab piers of Huanghanhou Railway Longitudinal large Bridge as the prototype, and intercepts the third stage of the pillared hollow piers of the bridge to carry out the design of the experimental model. Four transverse, three longitudinal column plate models and one frame type member model corresponding to the longitudinal column are made. Eight test models with a design scale of 1: 10 are made. The pseudo-static test and ABAQUS finite element numerical analysis are carried out. The failure characteristics, stress characteristics, hysteretic curve, skeleton curve, stiffness attenuation, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of column slab structures are studied. The difference between column and plate structure caused by "column-plate" interaction is compared with that of frame structure in the aspects of seismic performance, stress characteristics and failure characteristics, etc. The results are as follows: (1) the failure of the column structure begins with the shear slant crack around the hole in the plate and loads to a certain load. When the shear failure of the plate occurs, the column does not yield, and with the continuous loading, the column finally bends. The failure of frame members is typical bending failure. The column plate structure has better energy dissipation ability. The hysteretic curve area is large, the energy consumption is much, the stiffness degradation is slower, the stiffness and deformation ability are stronger, and when the plate passes through the energy dissipation failure, Columns still have great bearing capacity and stiffness, which can ensure that the main structure does not collapse. From the restoring force characteristic curve of frame member and column plate structure, it can be seen that the resistance of column plate member is obviously increased because of the interaction between column and plate. Stiffness, total energy dissipation and ductility, seismic performance is superior. 3) increase the width of column plate structure, can obviously improve the strength, stiffness, ductility of the structure and the cumulative energy dissipation of the structure when it is destroyed. But under the same displacement condition, the energy dissipation coefficient of the column plate structure is smaller than that of the frame structure, the energy dissipation coefficient of the column plate structure is larger than that of the frame structure when the displacement is small, and the energy dissipation coefficient of the column plate structure will be slightly smaller than that of the frame structure after the displacement increases to a certain value. However, the total energy consumption and ductility of the structure increased obviously.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U441;U446

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