多约束的城市客运交通结构能耗优化模型

发布时间：2018-05-04 15:05

本文选题：城市客运 + 交通结构　；参考：《东北林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来,我国城市化进程不断加快,经济飞速发展,汽车保有量逐渐增多,交通拥堵越来越严重。城市交通拥堵的加剧带来了许多负面的影响,增加了温室气体排放,降低交通运输效率,提高了交通运输在能源消耗中所占的比例。本文以城市客运交通结构作为研究对象,以降低能源消耗为目标,从居民出行方式、碳排放、居民出行可达性等方面考虑,对城市客运交通结构进行优化,以达到降低能源消耗又提高交通运输效率的目的,为改善城市客运交通运输现状提出建议。论文首先对国内外城市客运交通现状进行了总结,并对现有的各种交通结构优化建模方法进行了具体的分析,依据各个地方的客运交通方式的不同,再根据以往的客运交通结构优化的经验基础上,构建了以能耗最低为目标的城市客运交通结构优化模型。其次,通过对比分析现有的城市客运交通结构优化方法,本文以客运交通能源消耗最低为目标,以各种交通方式的客运周转量、客运交通总的碳排放量等为约束条件,构建同时满足时间、环境、效率三方面要求的城市客运交通结构优化模型。通过人工智能鱼群算法对模型求解,参考模型的优化结果,作为城市客运交通结构调整的理论依据。最后,将哈尔滨市的客运交通结构作为研究对象,依据相关交通部门、历年统计年鉴以及实地调查的方式获取所需数据,作为求解数学模型的参考数据。从模型求解结果可知应增加城市公交车的整体运输比例：降低出租车分担率；适当增加私人小汽车的出行比例；大力发展轨道交通；严格限制摩托车使用；降低慢行交通出行比重,但不可否认,实际生活中,在外界条件和时间都允许的情况下,慢行交通依然要受到足够的提倡。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the process of urbanization in China is accelerating, the economy is developing rapidly, the number of cars is increasing gradually, and the traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. The aggravation of urban traffic congestion has brought many negative effects, increased greenhouse gas emissions, reduced transport efficiency and increased the proportion of transportation in energy consumption. Taking the urban passenger transport structure as the research object and reducing energy consumption, this paper optimizes the urban passenger transport structure from the aspects of residents' travel mode, carbon emissions, and the accessibility of urban passenger transport. In order to reduce energy consumption and improve transportation efficiency, some suggestions are put forward to improve the present situation of urban passenger transportation. Firstly, this paper summarizes the present situation of urban passenger traffic at home and abroad, and makes a concrete analysis of the existing traffic structure optimization modeling methods, according to the different modes of passenger transport in different places. Based on the previous experience of passenger traffic structure optimization, a model of urban passenger transport structure optimization with the lowest energy consumption is constructed. Secondly, by comparing and analyzing the existing optimization methods of urban passenger transport structure, this paper aims at the lowest energy consumption of passenger transport, taking the passenger transport turnover of various modes of transport and the total carbon emissions of passenger transport as the constraints. The optimization model of urban passenger traffic structure is constructed, which meets the requirements of time, environment and efficiency. The model is solved by artificial intelligence fish swarm algorithm and the optimization result of the model is referred to as the theoretical basis for the adjustment of urban passenger traffic structure. Finally, the passenger traffic structure of Harbin is taken as the research object, and the required data are obtained according to the relevant traffic departments, the statistical yearbooks of the past years and the field survey, as the reference data for solving the mathematical model. From the result of model solving, we should increase the proportion of urban bus transportation: reduce the share rate of taxi; increase the proportion of private car travel; vigorously develop rail transit; strictly restrict the use of motorcycles; Reducing the proportion of slow traffic travel, but it is undeniable that in real life, in the circumstances of external conditions and time allowed, slow traffic still has to be enough advocated.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U12

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