半封闭型声屏障的特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 04:07

本文选题：声屏障 + 半封闭型声屏障　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国在各个方面均取得了伟大的成就。随着经济的高速发展,城市规模迅速增大,城市环境噪声问题也逐渐成为了不得不重视的问题。城市环境噪声影响着人们的正常生活、工作与身心健康,在室外方面,道路沿线的住宅及院落受交通噪声影响严重,在室内方面,大型的开放式办公室内的声环境也不容乐观。无论是在室内还是室外情况下,设置声屏障都能作为常用且有效的降噪手段。本文首先对受交通噪声影响的实际院落进行了降噪分析,并在此基础上,提出半封闭型声屏障的概念,半封闭型声屏障指的是由一定长度的直线声屏障和与之垂直的两侧边声屏障组合而成的一种声屏障组合形式。在提出半封闭型声屏障概念的基础上,总结并且建立其在室外典型场景——东北地区道路沿线院落中的应用模型,对该模型中半封闭声屏障的降噪效果进行了半消声室内的1:5缩尺模型实验,同时对同样场景设置同样位置的接收点进行模拟分析,将实验与模拟结果进行对比分析,发现两组结果的变化趋势是基本相同的,于是计算机软件模拟的有效性得到了确定。利用室外半封闭型声屏障模型,使用室外环境噪声模拟软件Cadna/A对院落声环境的降噪和其他影响因素进行了模拟分析,首先变化半封闭型声屏障的高度和侧边长度,得出要达到一定降噪效果的半封闭型声屏障尺寸设置。然后变化院落外侧与道路中心线的距离和半封闭型声屏障吸声性能,以探究这些客观因素对于院落声环境的影响。本文最后对于半封闭型声屏障在典型室内扁平空间的应用——开放式办公室内的隔间的模型进行探讨,建立了扁平空间内单个半封闭型隔间的应用模型,同时建立与其主边长相等的单个隔板,探讨半封闭型隔间相对于单个隔板的优越性。然后建立了两个相邻半封闭型隔间的三种应用模型,模拟分析不同因素对扁平空间内两个相邻半封闭型隔间之间声音传播的影响,发现层高和天花板吸声系数的影响最大;隔间的高度和侧边长度增加到一定程度之后再继续增加,声压级下降幅度变小,甚至不再下降,或者因为反射声的增加而有所上升。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in all aspects. With the rapid development of economy, the urban scale is increasing rapidly, and the problem of urban environmental noise has gradually become a problem that must be paid attention to. Urban environmental noise affects people's normal life, work and physical and mental health. Outside, the residential buildings and courtyard along the road are seriously affected by traffic noise. In the interior, the sound environment in large open office is not optimistic. In both indoor and outdoor situations, noise barriers can be used as common and effective means of noise reduction. In this paper, first of all, the noise reduction of the actual courtyard affected by traffic noise is analyzed, and on this basis, the concept of semi-closed noise barrier is proposed. The semi-closed sound barrier is a kind of sound barrier which is composed of a linear sound barrier of a certain length and a sound barrier perpendicular to both sides of the sound barrier. On the basis of putting forward the concept of semi-closed noise barrier, the application model of the semi-closed noise barrier in the typical outdoor scene, the courtyard along the road in Northeast China, is summarized and established. In this paper, the noise reduction effect of semi-closed noise barrier in the semi-silencing room is tested by 1:5 scale model. At the same time, the reception points in the same scene are simulated and analyzed, and the results of experiment and simulation are compared and analyzed. It is found that the variation trend of the two groups of results is basically the same, so the validity of computer software simulation is determined. Using outdoor semi-closed noise barrier model and outdoor noise simulation software Cadna/A, the noise reduction and other influencing factors in courtyard sound environment are simulated and analyzed. Firstly, the height and side length of semi-closed sound barrier are changed. To achieve a certain noise reduction effect of the semi-closed sound barrier size setting. Then the distance between the outside of the courtyard and the center line of the road and the sound absorption performance of the semi-closed sound barrier were changed to explore the influence of these objective factors on the sound environment of the courtyard. In the end of this paper, the application of semi-closed noise barrier in typical indoor flat space, the model of open office compartment is discussed, and the application model of single semi-closed compartment in flat space is established. At the same time, a single partition with the same length as the main side is established, and the superiority of the semi-closed partition over the single partition is discussed. Then, three application models of two adjacent semi-enclosed cubicles are established, and the effects of different factors on sound propagation between two adjacent semi-enclosed cubicles in flat space are simulated and analyzed. It is found that the influence of the height of the floor and the sound absorption coefficient of the ceiling is the greatest. When the height and side length of the compartment increase to a certain extent, the sound pressure level decreases by a small or even no longer, or increases because of the increase of the reflected sound.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.91;TU112

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