降雨内涝情景下城市路网脆弱性研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 09:40

本文选题：降雨内涝 + 交通网络　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市道路交通网络系统是居民生活需求、社会发展的重要保障,而降雨内涝的频发对城市路网的正常运行有着严重的影响。本文从路网脆弱性角度,通过对降雨内涝对交通的影响因素和作用过程进行分析,基于路网脆弱性理论建立综合评价指标体系以及双层评估模型,并对深圳市某区域的内涝情况进行了脆弱性评估和关键区域识别。通过分析降雨内涝对城市交通的影响因素,本文从行车速度、道路通行能力和交通生成量三个方面做了分析。基于深圳市出租车GPS数据分析了白天和夜间、高峰时刻和不同等级道路在雨天的行车速度折减情况,推导并计算了降雨环境下及道路积水时路段通行能力折减情况。基于SP调查数据,利用MNL模型分析了降雨内涝对居民出行行为的影响,确立了降雨天气下各小区不同交通方式的交通生成量计算模型。基于降雨内涝对交通系统的影响分析结果,本文确立降雨内涝情景下路网脆弱性概念。综合基于拓扑结构的有效性指标、基于路网运行性能的鲁棒性指标和基于交通需求的网络效率指标,建立了脆弱性综合评价指标体系;建立了降雨内涝情景下路网脆弱性评估双层模型,上层结合脆弱性综合评价指标和区域内涝风险,下层为基于Logit的随机用户均衡模型。针对深圳市某区域的内涝情况,本文从内涝发生后伴随着大雨、小雨以及雨停而内涝持续作用三个场景对路网脆弱性进行整体评估,分别对该区域的多个易涝区域脆弱性进行分析计算,确定了每个区域发生内涝的路网脆弱性指数,从而为决策者提供易涝区域改造或管理意见。
[Abstract]:Urban road traffic network system is an important guarantee of residents' living needs and social development, and frequent rainfall and waterlogging have a serious impact on the normal operation of urban road network. From the point of view of road network vulnerability, this paper analyzes the influence factors and action process of rainfall waterlogging on traffic, and establishes a comprehensive evaluation index system and a two-layer evaluation model based on the theory of road network vulnerability. The vulnerability assessment and key area identification of waterlogging in a certain area of Shenzhen City are also carried out. By analyzing the influence factors of rainfall waterlogging on urban traffic, this paper makes an analysis from three aspects: driving speed, road capacity and traffic generation. Based on the GPS data of taxis in Shenzhen City, the paper analyzes the reduction of driving speed in rainy days at daytime and night, peak hours and different grades of roads, and deduces and calculates the capacity reduction of roads under rainfall environment and when roads are stagnant. Based on SP survey data, MNL model is used to analyze the effect of rainfall waterlogging on residents' travel behavior, and a calculation model of traffic generation of different traffic modes in different residential areas under rainfall weather is established. Based on the analysis of the effect of rainfall waterlogging on traffic system, the concept of road network vulnerability under rainfall waterlogging scenario is established in this paper. Based on the efficiency index of topology, the robustness index of road network performance and the network efficiency index based on traffic demand, the vulnerability comprehensive evaluation index system is established. A two-layer model of road network vulnerability assessment under rainfall waterlogging scenario is established. The upper layer combines the vulnerability comprehensive evaluation index with the regional waterlogging risk and the lower layer is a stochastic user equilibrium model based on Logit. In view of the waterlogging situation in a certain area of Shenzhen City, this paper evaluates the vulnerability of the road network from three scenarios: heavy rain, light rain and sustained waterlogging after the waterlogging occurs. Based on the analysis and calculation of the vulnerability of several waterlogging areas in this region, the vulnerability index of the road network in each region is determined, thus providing the decision makers with advice on the transformation or management of the waterlogged area.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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