无砟轨道高铁桥沉降监测与预报模型研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 03:15

本文选题：无砟轨道 + 高铁桥　；参考：《辽宁工程技术大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国高铁技术的迅猛发展以及高铁技术出口海外,高铁客运专线设计和施工的安全问题备受关注。而在高铁建设过程中,整个施工阶段以及运营期间的线下基础沉降监测与预报尤为重要,施工前期要做好沉降监测,随时监测施工过程中的沉降险情,中期要做好沉降监测与预报工作,合理安排铺轨时间；运营阶段同样也要进行监测和预报以保证通车安全。而线下基础多采用高架桥的形式,所以针对无砟轨道高铁桥的沉降监测和预报模型研究成为了重中之重。目前,应用于无砟轨道高铁桥的常规沉降预报方法主要分为曲线拟合方法和系统预报模型两种,其中曲线拟合方法主要包括双曲线法、固结度对数配合法(三点法)、Asaoka(浅岗法)、对数法等；而系统预报模型中目前比较主流和常用的是灰色理论系统,其中GM(1,1)是灰色系统中最为常用的模型。同时本文研究了利用小波去噪理论对沉降数据的预处理,首先通过对比试验,选出去噪效果较好的小波基函数,然后利用去噪前后的数据,选用对数法曲线预测,试验对比得出,利用小波方法去噪之后的沉降数据进行预测,可以有效提高预测的精度、改善预报的稳定性。选取天津至秦皇岛客运专线二标段的线下基础沉降观测数据,并对沉降数据进行小波去噪处理之后,在已有的整个施工阶段整体预测分析的基础上,本文将施工阶段分为桥墩浇筑完成至架梁前、架梁结束至铺轨前、铺轨完成至试运营阶段等。分三个阶段,分别使用四种完全不同预报模型进行沉降预报对比分析。得出在架梁前GM(1,1)方法最优,三点法次之；架梁后至铺轨前,优先选用双曲线方法,GM(1,1)模型和三点法次之；铺轨后选用双曲线和GM(1,1),但基于GM(1,1)要求数据等时距,所以从工程实践角度出发,优先使用双曲线方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high-speed rail technology in China and the export of high-speed railway technology overseas, the safety of design and construction of high-speed passenger dedicated line has attracted much attention. In the process of high-speed railway construction, it is particularly important to monitor and forecast the settlement of the subline foundation during the whole construction phase and the operation period. In the early stage of construction, we should do a good job of monitoring the settlement, and monitor the danger of settlement in the construction process at any time. In the medium term, the settlement monitoring and forecasting should be done well, and the laying time should be arranged reasonably, and the operation stage should also be monitored and forecasted in order to ensure the safety of traffic. However, the foundation under the line is mostly in the form of viaduct, so the research on the settlement monitoring and forecasting model of the high-speed railway bridge with ballastless track becomes the most important. At present, the conventional settlement prediction methods used in ballastless high-speed railway bridges are mainly divided into two kinds: curve fitting method and system forecasting model, among which the curve fitting method mainly includes hyperbolic method. The method of logarithmic coordination of consolidation degree (three-point method Asaoka method, etc.) is the most commonly used model in grey system, and the grey theory system is the mainstream and commonly used in the system prediction model at present. At the same time, this paper studies the pre-processing of settlement data using wavelet denoising theory. Firstly, the wavelet basis function with better noise effect is selected by contrast experiment, and then the logarithmic curve is used to predict the data before and after denoising. The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy and stability of the prediction can be improved effectively by using the settlement data after de-noising by wavelet method. The observation data of the subline foundation settlement of the second section of Tianjin Qinhuangdao passenger dedicated Line are selected, and the settlement data are processed by wavelet de-noising, on the basis of the whole prediction and analysis of the whole construction stage, In this paper, the construction stage is divided into three stages: the completion of pier construction to the erection of beam, the end of beam erection to the laying of track, the completion of track laying to the trial operation stage, and so on. In three stages, four completely different forecasting models are used to forecast the settlement. It is concluded that the method of GM1 / 1) is the best in front of the beam erection, followed by the three point method; the hyperbolic method and the three point method are preferred to be used before the erection of the beam and the three points method; and the hyperbolic curve and the GM1 / 1 / 1 are used after the laying of the track, but based on the requirement of the data equal time interval, Therefore, from the point of view of engineering practice, hyperbolic method is preferred.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U213.157;U446

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