基于城市轨道交通的常规公交线网优化研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 18:38

本文选题：城市轨道交通 + 公交客流变化　；参考：《长沙理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城市化进程的加速,城市规模不断扩大,城市人口及出行需求激增,城市机动车“爆发式增长”,城市交通的拥堵问题日益凸显。借鉴国外大城市解决交通问题的成功经验,我国大城市应该将优先发展以“城市轨道交通为骨干、常规公交为主体”的公共交通体系,引导城市居民使用公共交通工具出行,作为缓解交通压力的第一选择。就我国目前状况而言,城市轨道交通的建设是后发的,会使城市公共交通系统结构发生重大变化,因此,为了配合城市轨道交通,提升整个公共交通系统的服务水平,需要围绕城市轨道交通对常规公交线路进行调整。针对基于城市轨道交通的常规公交线网优化问题,本论文主要从功能定位、公交客流变化预测、优化模型构建三个方面进行了研究。在功能定位方面,结合城市客运交通体系的发展趋势,从技术、经济的角度对城市轨道交通和常规公交两种交通方式进行了对比分析,明确了两者在城市公共交通系统中的定位。公交客流变化预测方面,从出行费用、出行时间等出行方式特性上对城市轨道交通吸引常规公交客流的原因进行了分析,界定了城市轨道交通的影响范围并对其影响下的常规公交客流的变化进行了定性和定量分析。优化模型构建方面,将城市轨道交通看作一条不可移动的常规公交线路参与公交客流的分配,建立了以公交系统乘客平均出行时间最小化和城市轨道交通客运周转量最大为目标函数的优化模型,对常规公交线网进行优化调整。本论文采用方式划分的方法计算了城市轨道交通影响下常规公交客流的分担量,希望能够对丰富相关的理论和促进实践发展起到一定的积极作用。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization, the urban scale is expanding, the demand for urban population and travel is soaring, the urban motor vehicle "explosive growth", urban traffic congestion problem is increasingly prominent. Drawing on the successful experience of solving the traffic problems in foreign big cities, the major cities of our country should give priority to the development of public transport system with "urban rail transit as the backbone, conventional public transport as the main body", and guide urban residents to use public transportation to travel. As the first choice to relieve traffic pressure. As far as the present situation of our country is concerned, the construction of urban rail transit is late, which will make the structure of urban public transportation system change greatly. Therefore, in order to cooperate with urban rail transit, to improve the service level of the whole public transportation system, It is necessary to adjust the routine bus lines around urban rail transit. Aiming at the optimization problem of conventional bus network based on urban rail transit, this paper mainly studies three aspects: function orientation, bus passenger flow forecast and optimization model construction. In terms of function orientation, combined with the development trend of urban passenger transport system, this paper makes a comparative analysis of two modes of urban rail transit and conventional public transport from the technical and economic point of view. The positioning of both in urban public transportation system is clarified. In the aspect of bus passenger flow prediction, this paper analyzes the reasons why urban rail transit attracts regular bus passenger flow from the aspects of travel cost, travel time and other travel mode characteristics. This paper defines the influence range of urban rail transit and makes qualitative and quantitative analysis of the change of bus passenger flow under its influence. In the aspect of optimization model construction, the urban rail transit is regarded as an immovable routine bus line to participate in the distribution of public transport passenger flow. An optimization model with the objective function of minimizing the average travel time of passengers and the maximum passenger turnover of urban rail transit is established to optimize and adjust the conventional bus network. In this paper, the method of mode division is used to calculate the share of bus passenger flow under the influence of urban rail transit, and it is hoped that it will play a positive role in enriching the relevant theories and promoting the development of practice.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17

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