基于解析法的岩溶隧道涌水量计算改进探析

发布时间：2018-05-15 18:55

本文选题：解析法 + 岩溶隧道　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：西南地区交通的大规模建设,必将带来隧道工程的大量建设。受复杂的岩溶水文地质条件制约,隧道建设与运营中突水灾害频发。基于地下水动力学理论推导出的解析法是在均匀介质中计算隧道涌水量中应用最广泛的一种方法。如何将复杂岩溶介质概化,使之符合解析法的假设条件；并研究解析法如何更好的应用于岩溶隧道涌水量计算,根据岩溶介质特点对解析法进行改进,对于准确预测岩溶隧道涌水量具有重要意义。论文基于岩溶介质特征,将复杂岩溶介质概化为均匀介质和非均匀介质。研究均匀介质中,解析法的理论基础以及经验要素；并根据非均匀介质特征,给出针对带状非均匀介质的解析法修正公式。根据大五山隧道涌水量监测资料,研究在均匀介质中如何正确确定解析法公式中的参数值；根据大公山隧道涌水量监测资料,确定针对带状非均匀介质解析法修正公式中的参数值。最终得到如下结论：(1)岩溶介质通常按溶蚀空隙大小分为：裂隙-溶孔型、裂隙-溶洞型岩溶介质以及溶洞型或管道型岩溶介质。裂隙-溶孔型、裂隙-溶洞型岩溶介质主要表现为微观不均匀性或中等不均匀性,概化为均匀介质。溶洞型或管道型岩溶介质,主要表现为宏观不均匀性,甚至对于大型的地下河系统或区域性的大断裂,可表现为特大不均匀性,概化为非均匀介质。(2)解析法的理论基础主要是地下水的稳定流运动。分别基于剖面平面流和平面辐射流的地下水运动状态,推导出的裘布依单宽流量理论公式以及稳定井流公式；解析法的经验值参数要素包括降深值S以及影响半径R值,两个参数的合理取值,关系到计算结果的准确性。(3)隧道涌水量计算中的正常涌水量计算公式包括：落和敏郎公式、裘布依理论公式、科斯加可夫经验公式、铁路勘测规范经验公式。落和敏郎公式和裘布依计算结果最优且稳定,建议作为推荐值；铁路勘测规范经验公式计算结果次之,可作为参考值；科斯加可夫公式计算结果最差。(4)隧道涌水量计算中的最大涌水量计算公式包括古德曼公式、大岛洋志公式、铁路勘测规范经验公式。大岛洋志公式计算最大涌水量方法最优。对于K值较小的均匀介质,当S=1/3H时,计算结果最优。(5)对于带状非均匀介质提出椭圆状影响半径以及等效降深SD的概念,指出SD=nS,其中n值为椭圆状影响长轴半径b与短轴半径a的比值,并对均匀介质中的裘布依理论公式和落和敏郎公式进行修正。(6)带状非均匀介质裘布依修正公式：Qs=KLSD2/b-r;次级公式：SD=nS, b=na=4nS,并通过大公山隧道涌水量监测资料对n值进行修正,得出n值不易取值过大,在15～20之间比较适宜的结论。(7)带状非均匀介质落和敏郎修正公式：Qs=KL[(SD2)/(b-r)+(πS)/(ln(4a/d))];次级公式：SD=nS,b=na=4nS,通过实践数据修正n值,得出n取值为12、14、16、时,计算值与实际值的吻合度较好。
[Abstract]:The large-scale construction of traffic in southwest China will surely bring about a large number of tunnel projects. Restricted by complicated karst hydrogeological conditions, water inrush disasters occur frequently in tunnel construction and operation. The analytical method derived from the theory of groundwater dynamics is the most widely used method in the calculation of tunnel discharge in uniform medium. How to generalize the complex karst medium and make it accord with the assumption condition of analytical method, and how to apply the analytical method to the calculation of karst tunnel water discharge better, and improve the analytical method according to the characteristics of karst medium, It is of great significance for accurate prediction of karst tunnel discharge. Based on the characteristics of karst medium, the complex karst medium is generalized to homogeneous medium and heterogeneous medium. The theoretical basis and empirical elements of the analytical method in homogeneous media are studied, and the modified formula of the analytical method is given according to the characteristics of the inhomogeneous medium. Based on the monitoring data of water inflow in Dagongshan tunnel, the paper studies how to correctly determine the parameter value in analytical formula in homogeneous medium, and according to the monitoring data of water inflow in Dagongshan tunnel, The parameter values in the correction formula of analytical method for strip inhomogeneous medium are determined. Finally, the following conclusions are obtained: karst media is usually divided into three types according to the size of dissolution void: fissure-dissolved pore type, fissure-cave type karst medium and karst medium of karst cave type or pipeline type. The karst media of fissure solution pore type and fissure cave type mainly show microscopic inhomogeneity or medium heterogeneity and can be generalized as homogeneous medium. The karst medium of cavern type or pipeline type is mainly shown as macroscopic heterogeneity, even for large underground river system or regional big fault, it can be shown as extraordinarily uneven. The theoretical basis of the analytical method is the steady flow movement of groundwater. Based on the ground water movement state of plane flow and plane radiation flow in section, the theoretical formula of single wide flow and the formula of steady well flow are derived, and the parameters of empirical value of analytical method include the value of depth reduction S and the value of influence radius R, respectively. The reasonable value of the two parameters is related to the accuracy of the calculation results.) the calculation formulas of the normal water discharge in the calculation of the water discharge of the tunnel include: the Luohe Minlang formula, the Qiubui theory formula, the Kosgakov empirical formula, Empirical formula of railway survey specification. The calculation results of Rohe Minlong formula and Qiubuyi formula are optimal and stable, which is recommended as the recommended value, and the result of empirical formula of railway survey code is the second, which can be used as reference value. The calculation formula of maximum water inflow in the calculation of tunnel water inflow includes Goodman formula, Oshima Yangzhi formula and empirical formula of railway survey code. The method of calculating the maximum water inflow by the Oshima Oceanography formula is optimal. For homogeneous medium with smaller K value, the optimal result is obtained when S _ (1 / 3) H) the concept of ellipsoidal radius of influence and equivalent depth of SD are put forward for the non-uniform medium. It is pointed out that SDN S, where n value is ellipsoid, affects the ratio of long axis radius b to short axis radius a. In addition, the theoretical formula of Qiu Buyi and the formula of Luo he Minlang in homogeneous medium are revised. The revised formula of Qiu Buyi in zonal non-uniform medium is: 1 / Qsn KLSD 2 / b-r; the secondary formula is: SDN S, bGN 4 nS; and the n value is corrected through the monitoring data of water discharge in Dagongshan Tunnel. We get the conclusion that n value is not easy to get too large, and it is more suitable between 15 ~ 20).) the band inhomogeneous medium drop and sensitivity Lang's correction formula QsnKL (蟺 S ~ (2) / r) (蟺 S ~ (2) / n / n ~ (4) a / d ~ (1); the secondary formula: (2) SDnSbna4n S, by modifying n value by practical data, the value of n is 12 / 14 / 16. The calculated value is in good agreement with the actual value.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U452.11

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