考虑出行成本的城市居民出行方式选择研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 20:32

本文选题：城市居民 + 方式选择　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市居民出行方式选择行为理论的研究成果,可为城市交通需求管理(TDM)和先进的出行者信息系统(ATIS)的发展提供理论参考,引导居民选择更加合理的方式出行,促使城市交通系统高效运转。本文以城市居民出行方式选择的整体性和差异性为研究方向,考虑居民出行过程中产生的出行成本。在小汽车、公交车和地铁三种出行方式构成的网络下,从宏观角度和微观角度,提出应用用户平衡理论和前景理论探讨居民出行方式选择的内在规律。结合城市居民高峰期出行的实际情况,在应用用户平衡理论和借鉴瓶颈理论研究成果的基础上,分别建立了有公交专用道和无公交专用道条件下的出行方式选择平衡模型。通过算例,首先分析了有无公交专用道条件下的出行人数分布、准时到达者的途中延误时间和出行成本的差异性,结果表明在出行高峰期,公交专用道设置是否合理将极大的影响出行人数分布及出行成本；其次进一步分析了地铁票价与出行人数分布、出行成本的关系。考虑到城市出行环境的不确定性特征,总结以往前景理论模型参考点的设置情况,重点研究了出行预留时间与出行方式出行时间不同关系下的期望出行成本参考点,建立了基于前景理论的出行方式选择模型。构建了不同类居民和不同出行预留时间场景下的算例,分别对前景理论模型和期望效用理论模型的选择结果进行对比分析。研究表明基于前景理论的模型更加符合居民的出行方式选择行为。此外,本文在算例及其参数的设置过程中,无论是平衡模型还是前景理论模型,均考虑了居民出行的一般状况。在两者出行方式网络和相关参数设置相同的情况下,研究所得的一些结论也基本相符。如地铁方式以其出行时间稳定、出行较为快速的优越性受到大多数人的选择。也就是说,分别从宏观角度和微观角度对居民出行方式选择进行的研究,其结果不仅具有互补性,还具有相同性。
[Abstract]:The research results of urban residents' travel mode choice behavior theory can provide a theoretical reference for the development of urban traffic demand management (TDM) and advanced traveller information system (ATIS), and guide residents to choose a more reasonable way to travel. To promote the efficient operation of urban transportation system. This paper takes the entirety and difference of the choice of urban residents' travel mode as the research direction, and considers the travel cost in the process of residents' travel. In the network of three kinds of travel modes: car, bus and subway, from the macro and micro angles, this paper puts forward the application of user balance theory and foreground theory to discuss the inherent law of residents' travel mode choice. Combined with the actual situation of urban residents' travel during peak period, based on the application of user balance theory and the research results of bottleneck theory, the travel mode selection equilibrium models with and without bus lanes are established respectively. Through an example, the paper first analyzes the distribution of the number of passengers, the delay time on time and the difference of travel cost under the condition of having or not bus lanes. The results show that during the peak period of travel, Whether the bus lane is reasonable or not will greatly affect the distribution of travel population and travel cost. Secondly, the relationship between subway ticket price and travel number distribution and travel cost is further analyzed. Considering the uncertain characteristics of urban travel environment, this paper summarizes the setting of reference points in previous foreground theory models, and focuses on the expected travel cost reference points under the different relationship between travel reservation time and trip mode travel time. A trip mode selection model based on foreground theory is established. Examples of different types of residents and different travel reservation time scenarios are constructed, and the selection results of prospect theory model and expected utility theory model are compared and analyzed respectively. The research shows that the model based on foreground theory is more in line with the behavior of residents' travel mode selection. In addition, both the equilibrium model and the foreground model take into account the general conditions of the residents' travel in the process of setting up the calculation examples and their parameters. In the case of the same travel mode network and the same parameters, some conclusions of the study are basically consistent. For example, the subway mode is chosen by most people because of its stable travel time and faster travel. That is to say, the results of the study on the choice of residents' travel modes from the macro and micro perspectives are not only complementary but also identical.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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