交叉口行人过街通行能力与过街设施选取研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 22:14

本文选题：行人过街特性 + 行人过街通行能力　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国城市交通以混合交通为主,行人横穿道路现象普遍,尤其在规模较大的交叉口行人与机动车争夺路权的现象更为严重,导致交叉口处机动车和行人冲突增加,交通事故频发。因此选取合理的人行过街设施来减少人车冲突已迫在眉睫。首先,论文从行人基本特性、行人过街设施种类、行人过街特征和不同控制方式下行人过街的影响因素四个方面分析了行人过街的交通特性。在此基础上,对交叉口处人机行为特性、不同过街方式、不同控制方式等行人过街通行能力的影响因素进行了研究。其次,根据行人过街交通特性和交叉口处行人过街的影响因素,通过假设行人过街规律,将行人过街模型化,并对行人过街穿越车流间隙次数的计算公式进行修正,从而得到无信号控制交叉口行人过街通行能力的修正模型;对于信号控制交叉口,结合修正模型,得出有无行人信号灯控制的行人过街通行能力计算公式。再次,论文运用人机绿灯时间表示信号控制交叉口周期,并将其代入简化的NCSU延误公式得出信号控制交叉口的行人过街延误及不同过街方式(一次过街和二次过街)的延误比值。最后,根据行人过街通行能力修正模型,计算不同行人过街方式行人过街通行能力,对比计算值,确定无信号控制交叉口人行过街设施的选取阈值;运用行人过街延误计算方法,得出不同行人过街方式的延误比,并结合通行能力的计算结果,确定信号控制交叉口人行过街设施的选取标准。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic in China is dominated by mixed traffic, and pedestrian crossing the road is common, especially in the large-scale intersections where pedestrians and motor vehicles compete for road rights more seriously, resulting in the increase of motor vehicle and pedestrian conflicts at intersections. Traffic accidents occur frequently. Therefore, it is urgent to select reasonable pedestrian crossing facilities to reduce the conflicts between people and cars. Firstly, the paper analyzes the traffic characteristics of pedestrian crossing from four aspects: pedestrian basic characteristics, pedestrian crossing facilities, pedestrian crossing characteristics and the influence factors of pedestrian crossing under different control modes. On this basis, the influence factors of pedestrian crossing capacity, such as the characteristics of man-machine behavior, different crossing modes and different control modes, are studied. Secondly, according to the characteristics of pedestrian crossing traffic and the influencing factors of pedestrian crossing at intersection, the pedestrian crossing model is modeled by assuming the pedestrian crossing law, and the formula of calculating the number of pedestrian crossing traffic gap is modified. A modified model of pedestrian crossing capacity at unsignalized intersection is obtained. For signal-controlled intersection, a formula for calculating pedestrian crossing capacity with or without pedestrian signal lights is obtained. Thirdly, the paper uses the man-machine green light time to express the signal control intersection cycle. The simplified NCSU delay formula is used to calculate the pedestrian crossing delay and the delay ratio of different crossing modes (once and twice) at signal-controlled intersection. Finally, according to the modified model of pedestrian crossing capacity, the pedestrian crossing capacity of different pedestrian crossing modes is calculated, and the selection threshold of pedestrian crossing facilities at unsignalized intersection is determined by comparing the calculated values. By using the method of pedestrian crossing delay calculation, the delay ratio of different pedestrian crossing modes is obtained, and the selection standard of pedestrian crossing facilities at signal-controlled intersection is determined combining with the calculation results of traffic capacity.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.23

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