三维数字航道平台开发关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 22:37

本文选题：内河航运 + 数字航道　；参考：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：内河航运作为国家战略性基础产业,是综合运输体系的重要组成部分,也是实现经济社会可持续发展的重要战略资源。而航道数字化是内河航运信息化的重要组成部分与发展趋势,对内河航运的安全与高效管理有着举足轻重的作用。论文以国家十二五科技支撑计划课题“多体系协同集成的智能航运关键技术研究”为背景,通过对三维数字航道平台体系的开发与应用,并结合航运相关标准与规范,重点研究了三维数字航道建模、可视化、航运监控和航运预警等方面的关键技术,旨在寻求提高航运安全与通航效率的数字航运体系。主要工作与研究成果如下：对三维数字航道建模与可视化方法进行了研究,分别对航道三维地形、高清航拍影像、桥梁码头、航标灯塔、文字标注等航道相关要素,以及航道周边的地形地物进行了三维建模与可视化。基于OSG与osgEarth等三维渲染引擎,详细阐述了各类数据的建模与可视化方法,重点解决了地形、影像等海量数据切片存储、实时载入与渲染等关键环节,同时对各种三维航道要素的集成可视化技术进行了探讨,最终建立了以长江上游江津至重庆航道为示范段的三维数字航道模型,实现了航道内外多种信息的融合显示。对通航水流条件进行了研究和探讨,重点从航道水深、航道宽度、航道曲率半径、跨江桥梁高度、流场分布等几个方面讨论了内河船舶通航的影响因素与计算方法,开发了通航水流条件阂值计算模块。在航运预警技术方面,平台通过获取上游监测站点的水情信息,采用二维水动力学模型对航道通航水流条件进行模拟,获取当前水情状态下的航道水深、流速等水流条件；结合目标船舶参数与装载情况,以及桥梁、弯道等信息,采用开发的通航水流条件阈值计算模块计算分析目标船舶适航区域,根据GPS实时反馈的船舶定位信息,即可为船舶提供实时安全预警。对三维数字航道平台的集成技术进行了研究,探讨了实时水情数据、船舶GPS数据等的获取、传输与存储方法,将监测数据、模拟数据、可视化数据、预警数据与三维可视化系统相结合,最终建立了三维数字航道平台。平台基于航道三维可视化空间,除通航相关要素的三维可视化展示外,还结合二维水动力学模型与通航规范,提供了水深分布图、流速分布图、适航区域分布图等助航信息。与传统二维电子航道图相比,三维数字航道平台不但增强了导航与管理的直观性,而且增加了航道内实时的水深与流场分布信息,为充分利用航道运力,提高航运安全预警能力提供了技术支撑。
[Abstract]:As a national strategic basic industry, inland waterway shipping is an important part of comprehensive transportation system and an important strategic resource to realize the sustainable development of economy and society. The digitization of waterway is an important part and development trend of inland navigation information, which plays an important role in the safety and efficient management of inland navigation. Based on the research on key technologies of intelligent shipping based on multi-system cooperation and integration, the thesis combines the relevant standards and norms of shipping with the development and application of 3D digital waterway platform system. The key technologies of 3D digital waterway modeling, visualization, shipping monitoring and shipping warning are studied in order to seek a digital shipping system to improve shipping safety and navigation efficiency. The main work and research results are as follows: the methods of 3D digital waterway modeling and visualization are studied, including waterway 3D terrain, high-definition aerial image, bridge wharf, beacon tower, text marking and so on. And the terrain and features around the channel are modeled and visualized. Based on 3D rendering engine such as OSG and osgEarth, the modeling and visualization methods of all kinds of data are described in detail, and the key links such as terrain, image and mass data slice storage, real-time loading and rendering are solved in detail. At the same time, the integrated visualization technology of various 3D waterway elements is discussed. Finally, a 3D digital waterway model based on the Jiang Jin to Chongqing waterway in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is established, which realizes the fusion and display of many kinds of information inside and outside the waterway. This paper studies and discusses the navigable flow conditions, and discusses the influencing factors and calculation methods of navigation of inland river ships from several aspects, such as channel depth, channel width, channel curvature radius, bridge height across the river, flow field distribution, etc. A module for calculating the boundary value of navigable flow conditions is developed. In the aspect of shipping early warning technology, the platform obtains the water regime information of the upstream monitoring station, uses the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model to simulate the navigable flow conditions, and obtains the waterway water depth, velocity and other flow conditions under the current water regime. Combined with the parameters and loading conditions of the target ship, as well as the information of bridges and bends, the navigable region of the target ship is calculated and analyzed by using the developed threshold calculation module of navigable flow conditions. According to the real-time feedback of GPS, the ship positioning information is calculated and analyzed. It can provide real-time safety warning for ships. The integration technology of 3D digital waterway platform is studied. The acquisition, transmission and storage methods of real-time hydrological data, ship GPS data and so on are discussed. The monitoring data, simulation data, visual data, etc. Finally, the three-dimensional digital waterway platform is established by combining the early warning data with the three-dimensional visualization system. The platform is based on the three-dimensional visualization space of waterway. Besides the three-dimensional visualization display of navigable related elements, combined with two-dimensional hydrodynamic model and navigation specification, the platform provides navigable information such as depth distribution map, velocity distribution map, airworthiness area distribution map and so on. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional electronic channel map, the three-dimensional digital waterway platform not only enhances the intuitiveness of navigation and management, but also increases the real-time distribution information of water depth and flow field in the waterway, so as to make full use of waterway transportation capacity. Improve shipping safety early warning ability to provide technical support.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U697-39

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