高速公路互通立交出口匝道安全设计与评价

发布时间：2018-06-01 02:28

本文选题：高速公路 + 互通立交　；参考：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高速公路互通式立体交叉的出口匝道是高速公路交通事故的易发点和高发点。根据国内外大量统计数据,高速公路互通立交匝道处发生的交通事故占整个高速公路交通事故的30%以上,而在这当中,出口匝道处的事故率基本是进口匝道处的2倍左右。目前,对于高速公路互通式立交出口匝道安全的研究多集中于对各交通安全影响因素进行单独探讨,不能将影响出口匝道安全的多个因素进行综合协调考虑,并建立多影响因素的高速公路互通式立交出口匝道安全评价体系及设计方法。本文运用理论结合实例,定性结合定量的研究方法,讨论高速公路互通式立交出口匝道的安全特性：分析其安全影响因素,并将涉及的安全影响因素归纳为道路因素、交通因素、人与交通环境因素三类；采用层次分析法比较了安全影响因素的重要性,并据此建立高速公路互通立交出口匝道的安全评价模型；将评价模型中权重较大、可以量化的影响因素对应的设计参数进行模拟验证；最后依照研究结论对实例匝道进行改造。本文总结分析了出口匝道安全影响因素,并对其进行归类：运用模糊层次分析法,标定了出口匝道安全评价指标体系中各指标权重,建立了高速公路互通式立交出口匝道交通安全评价体系；对重要影响因素(减速车道长度)涉及的设计参数进行了仿真模拟,并发现《公路路线设计规范》(JTG D20-2006)中对减速车道长度的规定具有一定局限性,当主线设计速度为100km/h,匝道设计速度为60km/h时,规范中减速车道的长度已经不能满足车辆减速需求：在某高速公路出口匝道事故数据统计分析基础上,依据构建的评价体系对影响出口匝道车辆行车安全的因素进行评价和分析,并有针对性地提出各项安全改善建议措施。
[Abstract]:Expressway intersecting exit ramp is the prone point and high incidence point of expressway traffic accident. According to a large number of statistics at home and abroad, more than 30% of the total highway traffic accidents occur at the ramp of the expressway interchange, and the accident rate at the exit ramp is about twice as high as that at the entrance ramp. At present, the research on the safety of freeway interchange exit ramp is mainly focused on discussing the influence factors of each traffic safety separately, and it can not be considered synthetically and harmoniously the factors that affect the safety of exit ramp. The safety evaluation system and design method of freeway interchange ramp are established. In this paper, the safety characteristics of freeway interchange exit ramps are discussed by combining theory with examples and qualitative and quantitative research methods. The safety influencing factors are analyzed, and the safety influencing factors are summed up as road factors. Traffic factors, human and traffic environment factors, the importance of safety factors are compared by AHP, and the safety evaluation model of freeway interchange exit ramp is established. The design parameters corresponding to the quantitative factors can be simulated and verified. Finally, the ramp is reconstructed according to the conclusion of the research. This paper summarizes and analyzes the influencing factors of exit ramp safety, and classifies them. By using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, the weights of each index in the evaluation index system of exit ramp safety are calibrated. The traffic safety evaluation system of expressway interchange exit ramp is established, and the design parameters related to important influencing factors (deceleration lane length) are simulated and simulated. It is also found that the length of deceleration lane in JTG D20-2006) has some limitations. When the design speed of main line is 100km / h and the design speed of ramp is 60km/h, The length of the deceleration lane in the specification can no longer meet the demand of vehicle deceleration: on the basis of statistical analysis of the accident data of a freeway exit ramp, According to the established evaluation system, the factors affecting the safety of off-ramp vehicles are evaluated and analyzed, and various safety improvement measures are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.352.12

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