基于虚拟链路的集装箱堆场翻箱落位优选模型与算法研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 15:12

本文选题：集装箱码头 + 翻箱落位优选　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：影响集装箱码头运作效率和成本的两个关键因素是先进的集装箱码头作业工艺系统和合理的码头运作优化管理模式。持续增加的集装箱吞吐量需求对码头的装卸和堆存能力要求越来越高。采用先进的码头装卸设备和作业工艺与合理的码头运作优化管理模式有助于提高码头吞吐能力和运作效率,节约运作成本。本文针对集装箱码头运作工艺系统与堆场运作优化问题进行研究,对比分析了集装箱码头先进运作工艺,提出了基于虚拟链路的集装箱码头翻箱落位优化模型,并在此基础上开发了一种迭代搜索算法。具体内容如下：集装箱码头先进作业工艺分析与对比研究。首先针对自动化集装箱码头,分析了基于AGV/ALV的码头作业系统和立体轨道式码头作业系统以及它们的平面布局,并利用模拟仿真分析了其作业效率和设备利用率等性能参数；分析了高架桥式码头装卸工艺概念系统；并从作业效率和成本等方面对几种自动化码头工艺进行了对比分析。研究成果可为集装箱码头作业工艺设计和优选提供参考。基于虚拟链路的集装箱码头翻箱落位优化模型构建。首先分析了集装箱码头堆场翻箱成因与翻箱落位优化的关键因素,包括移箱翻箱、提箱翻箱和装船翻箱三个方面；然后在对集装箱码头翻箱落位路径分析的基础上,提出了虚拟链路的翻箱落位路径表示方法；最后,将翻箱路径优选问题分解为两个子问题,分别针对两个子问题构建了以龙门吊翻箱量最小和龙门吊作业时间最小的翻箱路径优选模型。翻箱路径优选的迭代搜索算法研究。考虑基于虚拟链路的集装箱码头翻箱落位优化分解模型特点,设计了三阶段迭代搜索求解算法：第一阶段是产生初始可行移箱序列；第二阶段在初始序列的基础上加入虚拟移箱路径组成一个松弛冲突的虚拟链路,利用迭代搜索算法优化总移箱量；第三阶段加入了移箱运行时间变量,利用迭代搜索算法优化龙门吊的总工作时间。实验表明,在求解一般规模问题时,本文算法性能较文献[8]的启发式算法、较文献[9]的OH算法和文献[10]的IH算法性能都有不同程度的改进,当贝规模为7×5时,较启发式算法改进11.6%,较X2算法改进46.4%,较X3算法改进21.2%,并且能够满足实时性要求,所以能够提高集装箱码头翻箱落位的优化效果,但本文算法在不适合求解贝规模过小(4×3)或过大(13×6)时的情形。另外,在本文模型基础上开发的迭代搜索算法在求解较大规模的问题时,虽然迭代次数较大,但每次迭代的搜索空间小,并且能够在适合范围内得到满意解,可以满足实际规模的求解需求。
[Abstract]:The two key factors affecting the efficiency and cost of container terminal operation are advanced container terminal operation process system and reasonable terminal operation optimization management model. The increasing demand for container throughput requires more and more terminal handling and storage capacity. The adoption of advanced terminal handling equipment and operation technology and reasonable wharf operation optimization management mode will help to improve the terminal handling capacity and operation efficiency and save the operation cost. In this paper, the optimization of container terminal operation process system and yard operation is studied, the advanced operation technology of container terminal is compared and analyzed, and the optimization model of container terminal turnover and drop position based on virtual link is put forward. The specific contents are as follows: container terminal advanced operation process analysis and comparative study. Firstly, aiming at the automatic container terminal, the terminal operation system based on AGV/ALV and the three-dimensional track wharf operation system and their plane layout are analyzed, and the performance parameters such as operational efficiency and equipment utilization ratio are analyzed by simulation. The conceptual system of loading and unloading technology for viaduct wharf is analyzed, and several kinds of automatic wharf processes are compared and analyzed from the aspects of operation efficiency and cost. The research results can provide reference for container terminal operation process design and optimization. The optimization model of container terminal turnover and drop based on virtual link is constructed. This paper first analyzes the causes of container turnover in container terminal yard and the key factors in the optimization of container drop position, including three aspects: shifting box, turning case and loading container, and then on the basis of analyzing the path of turning over and falling of container terminal, In this paper, we propose a method to represent the drop path of the virtual link, and finally, we decompose the optimal path selection problem into two sub-problems. Aiming at the two sub-problems, the optimal selection model of the turning over path of the gantry crane is constructed, which is based on the minimum volume of the gantry crane and the minimum working time of the gantry crane. Research on iterative search algorithm for optimal selection of turning-over path. Considering the characteristics of the virtual link based optimal decomposition model of the container terminal tilting position, a three-stage iterative search algorithm is designed: the first stage is to produce the initial feasible moving box sequence; In the second stage, the virtual box moving path is added to the initial sequence to form a relaxed collision virtual link, and the iterative search algorithm is used to optimize the total number of moving boxes. In the third stage, the moving box running time variable is added. The total working time of gantry crane is optimized by iterative search algorithm. Experiments show that the performance of this algorithm is better than that of the heuristic algorithm in reference [8], the performance of OH algorithm in reference [9] and IH algorithm in reference [10], when the scale of shell is 7 脳 5, the experimental results show that the performance of this algorithm is better than that of the heuristic algorithm in reference [8]. Compared with heuristic algorithm, X2 algorithm, X3 algorithm and X3 algorithm, it can improve 11.6, 46.4and 21.2, and can meet the real-time requirements, so it can improve the optimization effect of the container terminal. However, the algorithm is not suitable for solving the problem of too small shellfish size (4 脳 3) or too large a size of 13 脳 6). In addition, the iterative search algorithm developed on the basis of this model has a large number of iterations, but the search space of each iteration is small, and the satisfactory solution can be obtained within a suitable range. It can meet the demand of actual scale.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U695.22;U691.3

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