多车道高速公路分流区货车运行影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 17:07

本文选题：多车道高速公路 + 分流区　；参考：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：对货车的影响效应研究,可以在现有的道路条件下,最大程度上的保障高速公路运输系统的运营效率。同时,深入揭示多车道高速公路分流区瓶颈的形成机理,能够对及早预报交通堵塞的形成,预防重大交通事故的发生起到积极的作用。论文对比国内外工程规范标准并借鉴国内外相关文献的研究成果,对车种车型进行划分,总结分流区的类型与几何特征,明确研究对象的空间范围。利用实地调查数据研究分流区的交通组成、交通量时变特性、车道分布、速度特性、车头时距等,为后续的分析及计算奠定基础。从分流区车辆运行的一般规律入手,根据车辆在不同路段的行驶特征对分流区进行分段分析,在此基础上研究货车对于交通流的影响。由于不同的交通密度以及货车比例下,货车的影响规律并不相同,因此针对货车作为移动瓶颈独立与不独立的情况进行理论分析,从“移动瓶颈”形成的内因、外因角度出发,研究分流区车辆超车、变换车道等行为,对移动瓶颈的形成机理、拥堵演化机制和主要影响因素进行分析,得到分流区货车的影响机理。受实地调查的限制,需要利用仿真手段研究不同交通条件下的影响规律。对仿真软件跟驰与变车道模型进行分析,并通过实地调查得到的数据,采用正交实验法,对模型参数进行校正,为仿真分析奠定基础。从效率与安全两个方面,对分流区货车影响进行评价。传统的安全指标并不能很好的反应分流区的安全性,以传统速度差指标为基础,选取改进的速度一致性指标,并通过建立其与交通冲突率之间的关系,验证新指标的合理性。在不同交通量水平下,研究不同分流比例、货车比例对分流区效率与安全的影响,并根据该一般规律,提出分流区安全改善措施。
[Abstract]:The research on the effect of freight cars can ensure the operation efficiency of expressway transportation system to the maximum extent under the existing road conditions. At the same time, revealing the forming mechanism of the bottleneck in the diverging area of multi-lane expressway can play a positive role in early forecasting the formation of traffic jam and preventing the occurrence of major traffic accident. This paper contrasts the domestic and foreign engineering code standards and draws lessons from the research results of relevant literature at home and abroad, classifies the vehicle types, summarizes the types and geometric characteristics of the distributary zone, and clarifies the spatial range of the research objects. The traffic composition, the time-varying traffic volume, the lane distribution, the velocity characteristics and the headway time interval of the traffic diversion area are studied by using the field survey data, which lays a foundation for the subsequent analysis and calculation. Starting with the general rules of vehicle running in the distributary area, this paper analyzes the segmental analysis of the distributary zone according to the driving characteristics of different sections of the vehicle, and then studies the influence of freight cars on the traffic flow. Because of the different traffic density and freight car ratio, the influence law of freight car is not the same, so the paper makes a theoretical analysis on the situation that the truck is independent or not independent as the moving bottleneck, starting from the angle of internal cause and external cause of the formation of "moving bottleneck". The behavior of vehicle overtaking and lane changing in shunt area is studied. The forming mechanism of moving bottleneck, the mechanism of congestion evolution and the main influencing factors are analyzed, and the influence mechanism of freight car in shunt area is obtained. Due to the limitation of field investigation, it is necessary to study the influence law under different traffic conditions by means of simulation. The simulation software car-following and variable lane model are analyzed, and the data obtained from the field investigation are used to correct the model parameters by orthogonal experiment, which lays a foundation for simulation analysis. From the efficiency and safety aspects, the impact of the distribution area truck was evaluated. The traditional safety index can not well reflect the safety of the diversion zone. Based on the traditional velocity difference index, the improved speed consistency index is selected, and the rationality of the new index is verified by establishing the relationship between the speed consistency index and the traffic conflict rate. Under different traffic flow levels, the effects of different diffluence ratio and freight car proportion on the efficiency and safety of the distributary zone are studied. According to the general law, the measures to improve the safety of the distributary zone are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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