基于DPM及EWF模型的积水分布研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 06:51

本文选题：积水分布 + FLEUNT仿真　；参考：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：路表积水是诱发高速公路雨天发生交通事故的主要影响因素,一方面降雨造成路表摩擦系数降低,使驾驶的难度增大,容易发生侧滑,另一方面,路表积水的存在,使得轮胎与路面部分脱离,发生滑水,对行车安全造成极大威胁。因此,系统、深入地研究高速公路易积水路段的积水机理和改善措施,具有重大的理论意义与工程应用价值,对实现高速公路的安全发展和绿色发展具有重要的促进作用。本文以四川省交通科技项目高速公路路表积水形成机理及其改善技术研究‖为依托,针对高速公路不同路段雨天积水的分布问题进行了研究。论文在将高速公路划分成直线段、圆曲线段、凹形竖曲线段、凸形竖曲线段以及超高缓和段五类积水路段的基础上,对每一类路段分析了可能影响积水分布的线形因素。针对这五类积水路段,分别设计了线形因素对路表积水深度影响的正交试验。以相关研究中积水深度与临界滑水车速之间关系为基础,计算了时速为80km/h下发生滑水的临界车速,计算得到对高速公路视距保障造成影响的降雨强度,并以此为依据进行了易积水路段的定义。在对道路几何特点进行适当简化的基础上,建立了用于仿真计算的五类路段几何模型。采用计算流体力学软件Fluent,以DPM模型模拟降雨,EWF模型模拟路表积水的形成、流动与深度分布。通过仿真计算,首先探讨了降雨强度及路表构造深度对路表积水深度以及流速的影响。随后依据所设计的正交试验,分别对各线形因素影响下的直线段、圆曲线段、凹形竖曲线段、凸形竖曲线段以及超高缓和段路表积水的深度分布进行了仿真计算。通过分析计算,确定了对各类型路段积水深度具有显著影响的线形要素,并进一步通过仿真计算得到了这些因素对积水的影响规律。将易积水路段定义与线形要素对各类型路段路表积水深度分布的影响结合,确定了设计时速80km/h双向四车道高速公路路表积水深度的控制指标及阈值。同时对于积水深度通常较大的凹形竖曲线段以及超高缓和段,除通过设计中对线形指标进行控制外,还需配置相应排水设施以保障路表积水不至过大,减小对安全行车的威胁。
[Abstract]:The waterlogging on the road surface is the main influencing factor that induces the traffic accident on the rainy days of the highway. On the one hand, the rainfall reduces the friction coefficient of the road surface, increases the difficulty of driving, and is prone to side slip. On the other hand, the water in the road surface exists. The tire and road surface part of the separation, water skiing, a great threat to the safety of driving. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value to study systematically and deeply the mechanism and improvement measures of water accumulation in freeway sections with easy water accumulation, and it has an important role in promoting the safe development and green development of freeway. Based on the research on formation mechanism and improvement technology of waterlogging on highway surface in Sichuan Province, this paper studies the distribution of waterlogging in different sections of highway. On the basis of dividing expressway into five types of waterlogged sections: straight line section, circular section, concave vertical section, convex vertical section and super-high transition section, the linear factors that may affect the distribution of water are analyzed for each section. For these five types of waterlogging sections, orthogonal experiments were designed to determine the influence of linear factors on the depth of water accumulation. Based on the relationship between the depth of water accumulation and the critical speed of water skiing, the critical speed of water skiing at speed of 80km/h is calculated, and the rainfall intensity which affects the protection of sight distance of expressway is calculated. And based on this, the definition of easy waterlogging section is carried out. On the basis of proper simplification of road geometry characteristics, five kinds of road section geometric models for simulation calculation are established. The formation, flow and depth distribution of road surface hydrops were simulated by DPM model and EWF model by means of computational fluid dynamics software Fluent. The influence of rainfall intensity and the depth of road surface structure on the depth of water accumulation and the velocity of water on the road surface are discussed by simulation. Then, according to the orthogonal experiment designed, the depth distribution of water in straight line, circular curve, concave vertical curve, convex vertical curve and ultra-high transition section are simulated respectively under the influence of various linear factors. Through the analysis and calculation, the linear elements which have a significant influence on the depth of water in each type of road sections are determined, and the influence law of these factors on the water accumulation is obtained by further simulation calculation. Combining the definition of easy waterlogging section with the influence of linear elements on the depth distribution of surface water in various types of road sections, the control index and threshold value of the surface water depth of design speed 80km/h two-way four-lane freeway are determined. At the same time, for the concave vertical curve and ultra-high transition section, which usually have a large depth of water accumulation, in addition to the control of the linear index in the design, it is also necessary to configure the corresponding drainage facilities to ensure that the accumulated water on the road surface is not too large, and to reduce the threat to the safe driving.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.23;U417.3

【参考文献】