基于TCT的城市道路平面交叉口安全评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 03:40

本文选题：交通安全 + 交通冲突技术　；参考：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：交叉口是城市道路交通的瓶颈点和事故多发区域,减少交叉口的事故发生率,提高交叉口的安全性对保障出行者的生命财产安全和城市道路畅通运行至关重要。做好城市道路交叉口的安全评价是提高交叉口安全性的重要内容,也是城市道路交通安全评价领域中的重要内容,对分析城市道路交叉口事故诱因与机理、改善城市道路交叉口安全设计与运营管理都具有重要指导价值。本文首先基于国内外平面交叉口交通冲突研究现状和发展趋势的分析,总结发现国内外学者更加倾向于从交通冲突为出发点,定性分析交叉口交通冲突的概率,对交叉口的安全水平进行研究;然后分析总结了平面交叉口交通冲突的应用问题,包括冲突种类与碰撞角度分类单一、冲突危险度影响因素完整性不足、冲突危险性大小或危险度计算与评价考虑因素不全面等问题;最后,利用灰色聚类评估原理,针对交叉口不同种类交通冲突危险度的计算问题,构建了一种基于交通冲突技术的城市道路交叉口危险度的系统计算模型与方法。模型构建的具体内容为:第一,将城市道路信号平面交叉口可能存在的交通冲突分为机动车间冲突、机非冲突、机动车与行人冲突、非机动车间冲突、非机动车与行人冲突5大类,提取影响冲突危险度大小的6类因素,包括冲突参与者类别、避让空间大小、冲突碰撞角度、冲突持续时长、冲突区域大小、参与者相对速度;第二,根据实际调查及模型计算,确定各因素在不危险、轻微危险、一般危险、非常危险、极度危险5个区间的取值范围,利用灰色聚类评估模型,分析计算每个因素对交通冲突危险度的影响权重大小,根据各类交通冲突影响因素所在的危险度区间阈值,加权计算此类交通冲突的综合危险度;第三,通过分析在同一周期内5类交通冲突的发生次数,计算此周期所有交通冲突的综合危险度,实现对交叉口一段时间内的危险度判别。论文研究结果表明:本文所提出的基于TCT的城市道路平面交叉口安全评价研究方法不仅可以有效计算交叉口某类交通冲突的危险度,有利于对平面交叉口不同时段交通冲突安全水平进行比较,还可以计算一段时间内平面交叉口发生的所有交通冲突的综合危险度,方便不同平面交叉口间交通冲突危险度的横向比较,并可依据新建平面交叉口不同参与者的流量及分布规律,对平面交叉口的交通冲突危险度进行预测。
[Abstract]:Intersection is the bottleneck point and accident prone area of urban road traffic. It is very important to reduce the incidence of accidents and improve the safety of intersection in order to ensure the safety of life and property of travelers and the smooth operation of urban roads. The safety evaluation of urban road intersections is an important content to improve the safety of intersections, and it is also an important content in the field of urban road traffic safety evaluation. This paper analyzes the accident inducement and mechanism of urban road intersections. Improving the safety design and operation management of urban road intersection has important guiding value. Firstly, based on the analysis of the current situation and development trend of traffic conflicts at intersections at home and abroad, it is found that scholars at home and abroad are more inclined to qualitatively analyze the probability of traffic conflicts at intersections from the point of view of traffic conflicts. The safety level of intersections is studied, and then the application of traffic conflicts at intersections is analyzed and summarized, including the single classification of conflict types and collision angles, and the lack of integrity of factors affecting conflict risk. The calculation and evaluation of the risk of conflict is not comprehensive. Finally, using the theory of grey clustering evaluation, the paper aims at the calculation of the risk of different traffic conflicts at intersections. A systematic calculation model and method of urban road intersection risk based on traffic conflict technology is constructed. The specific contents of the model are as follows: first, the possible traffic conflicts at signalized intersections of urban roads are divided into motor vehicle conflict, motor vehicle conflict and pedestrian conflict, non-motor vehicle conflict. There are five categories of non-motor vehicle and pedestrian conflict. Six kinds of factors affecting the risk of conflict are extracted, including the type of conflict participants, the size of avoidance space, the angle of conflict collision, the duration of conflict, the size of conflict area, and the relative speed of participants. Second, according to the actual investigation and model calculation, determine the value range of the five intervals of no danger, slight danger, general danger, very dangerous, extreme danger, and use the grey cluster evaluation model. Analyze and calculate the influence weight of each factor on traffic conflict risk, calculate the comprehensive risk degree of traffic conflict according to the risk interval threshold of each kind of traffic conflict influence factor; third, By analyzing the occurrence times of five kinds of traffic conflicts in the same period, the comprehensive risk degree of all traffic conflicts in this period is calculated, and the risk degree of intersection is judged for a period of time. The research results show that the TCT-based safety evaluation method for urban road intersections can not only effectively calculate the risk of traffic conflicts at intersections. It is helpful to compare the safety level of traffic conflicts between different periods of time at intersections, and can also calculate the comprehensive risk of all traffic conflicts that occur at intersections within a certain period of time. It is convenient to compare the traffic conflict risk degree between different intersections, and can predict the traffic conflict risk degree according to the flow and distribution law of different participants in the newly built intersection.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U492.8

【参考文献】