班轮联盟海运空箱调运问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 01:02

本文选题：空箱调运 + 班轮联盟　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：集装箱运输作为一种先进的、高效的运输方式,伴随世界经济贸易一体化进程,集装箱运输逐渐变成了班轮运输的代名词。集装箱运输自身的特点和优势决定着集装箱运输必然成为国际贸易的主要运输手段。然而伴随着集装箱运输的快速发展,集装箱空箱调运对集装箱班轮公司整体盈利能力的影响越来越明显,许多班轮公司表示集装箱空箱调运方面存在的问题是阻碍其开拓市场步伐的原因之一。集装箱空箱调运问题成为各班轮公司面临的棘手问题,如何合理地、高效地调运空箱对班轮公司经营状况的改善、运输成本的降低至关重要。近年来,受国际贸易以及全球经济复苏缓慢、班轮运力持续增长的影响,班轮运输市场整体低迷,供过于求,运力过剩情况严重。为应对困难,班轮企业间通过资源合作、联营等方式加强合作,组建班轮联盟,互相取长补短,提高联盟资源利用率,寻求降低单独风险和运营成本,在合作当中寻求共赢。集装箱空箱调运过程是复杂的过程,是涉及多种运输方式的动态的离散的过程。本文将在分析集装箱调运流程的基础上从班轮联盟的角度研究集装箱海运空箱调运问题,班轮联盟内各班轮公司通过空箱互租以及舱位互租的形式进行合作空箱调运,空箱互租费率由班轮联盟内各班轮公司共同制定,舱位互租费率为各班轮公司在特定航线上的空箱调运成本。以决策期内班轮联盟获取空箱而支出的总成本最小化为目标,考虑到空箱供给能力、船舶运力、空箱堆存能力等限制条件,建立了班轮联盟海运空箱调运优化模型。本文在建模过程中充分考虑了各班轮公司不同时刻在不同港口的确定型空箱需求和随机型空箱需求,符合空箱调运问题的随机性、动态性特征,使得模型更贴近实际。本文模型的有效性和适用性在最后通过算例得以验证。模型求得的空箱调运方案将为班轮联盟空箱调运工作提供决策依据。
[Abstract]:As an advanced and efficient mode of transport, container transport has gradually become synonymous with liner shipping along with the process of integration of world economy and trade. The characteristics and advantages of container transportation determine that container transportation must become the main means of international trade. However, with the rapid development of container transportation, the impact of empty container transportation on the overall profitability of container liner companies is becoming more and more obvious. Many liner companies say problems with empty containers are one of the obstacles to their market expansion. The problem of empty container transportation has become a thorny problem faced by various liner companies. How to reasonably and efficiently transfer empty containers is of great importance to the improvement of the operating conditions and the reduction of transportation costs of the liner companies. In recent years, due to the slow recovery of international trade and the global economy, and the sustained growth of liner shipping capacity, the overall liner transport market is depressed, supply exceeds demand, and the excess capacity is serious. In order to deal with difficulties, liner companies strengthen cooperation by means of resource cooperation and joint venture, form liner alliance, complement each other, improve the utilization ratio of alliance resources, seek to reduce individual risks and operating costs, and seek win-win results in cooperation. The empty container dispatching process is a complex process and a dynamic discrete process involving a variety of transportation modes. Based on the analysis of container transfer process, this paper studies the problem of container empty container transfer from the point of view of liner alliance. The liner companies in the liner alliance carry out cooperative empty container transfer through the form of empty container rental and space rental. The rate of empty container mutual lease is set by each liner company in the liner alliance, and the rate of space mutual lease is the empty container transfer cost of each liner company on a specific route. With the objective of minimizing the total cost of the liner alliance to obtain empty containers during the decision-making period and considering the limited conditions such as empty container supply capacity, ship capacity and empty container storage capacity, an optimal model for shipping empty container dispatching of liner alliance is established. In the course of modeling, this paper fully considers the deterministic empty container demand and the random empty container demand of each liner company at different times in different ports, which accord with the randomness and dynamic characteristics of empty container dispatching problem, and make the model more close to the reality. The validity and applicability of the model are verified by a numerical example. The model will provide the decision-making basis for the operation of empty container in liner alliance.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U695.22

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