基于运行速度的改扩建高速公路线形评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 15:10

本文选题：高速公路 + 交通安全　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的快速发展,高速公路在整个交通运输系统中起着越来越重要的作用。从上世纪八十年代起,我国高速公路事业得到了飞速发展,进入二十一世纪,由于高速公路的设计寿命已渐至使用年限,同时伴随着经济的飞速发展与人们日益增长的出行需求,当前的高速公路设置已不能满足人民群众的需要,将有一大批高速公路面临改扩建。然而,改扩建高速公路又不同于新修公路,需要在原高速公路路线走廊带内,利用原有道路资源,通过拓宽、改造进而提升服务水平、通行能力及安全性的工程建设行为,需要在老路的基础上加以利用、整修。公路线形作为高速公路的骨架,是公路设计方案中最为关键的技术指标,直接影响着高速公路上车辆运行的安全性。因此,针对改扩建高速公路的线形评价已经成为高速公路线形评价研究的重要方向。本文在国内外研究的基础上,以运行速度为研究指标对改扩建高速公路线形评价进行研究,系统地分析了车辆运行速度与道路几何线形的关系,同时研究了线形安全性与舒适性的评价指标,利用主成分分析法,建立了高速公路线形综合性评价体系——线形适应性评价模型。首先,通过对国内外研究现状的分析总结,从人、车、路和环境四个方面分析了影响车速变化的主要因素,得出道路的几何线形是车速的主要影响因素;针对高速公路线形评价的指标,分析了设计速度、期望速度、运行速度、限制速度等与车速相关的指标,通过对比分析,确定以运行速度作为公路线形评价的指标。其次,通过前人研究的总结,构建了运行速度的预测模型,同时提出用单一车辆相邻路段的运行速度差(△85V)来评价公路线形的连续性;用横、轴向加速度评价线形的舒适性;用速度变差系数和单位里程速度差相对值评价线形的安全性。同时提出了改扩建高速公路线形的拟合评价指标和标准。最后,通过主成分分析法对三个主要指标进行综合性评价——线形适应性评价体系,通过适应性系数实现对线形的综合评价。以京石高速公路改扩建为案例,通过实地调查研究及数据分析,运用适应性评价模型对改扩建的高速公路线形进行了评价研究,同时针对改扩建高速特有的线形拟合评价做出了评价分析并提出了相应的改善措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, expressway plays a more and more important role in the whole transportation system. Since the eighties of last century, the cause of freeway in our country has been developed rapidly, entering the 21 century, because the design life of expressway has come to service life. At the same time, with the rapid development of economy and people's increasing travel demand, the current freeway setup can no longer meet the needs of the people, there will be a large number of highways facing reconstruction and expansion. However, the reconstruction and expansion of the expressway is different from the new highway, so it is necessary to utilize the original road resources in the corridor zone of the former highway route, and to improve the service level, traffic capacity and safety by widening, transforming and improving the service level, the traffic capacity and the safety. The old roads need to be used and renovated. As the skeleton of highway, highway alignment is the most important technical index in highway design, which directly affects the safety of vehicles on highway. Therefore, the evaluation of highway alignment has become an important research direction of highway alignment evaluation. Based on the research at home and abroad, this paper studies the evaluation of highway alignment based on running speed, and systematically analyzes the relationship between vehicle running speed and road geometry alignment. At the same time, the evaluation index of linear safety and comfort was studied, and the linear adaptability evaluation model was established by using principal component analysis (PCA). First of all, through the analysis and summary of the domestic and foreign research situation, from the human, the vehicle, the road and the environment four aspects analyzed the influence speed change main factor, obtains the road geometry line is the speed main influence factor; Aiming at the evaluation index of highway alignment, the paper analyzes the design speed, expected speed, running speed and limiting speed and so on, and determines that the running speed is the index of highway alignment evaluation by comparing and analyzing. Secondly, the prediction model of running speed is constructed through the summary of predecessors' research. At the same time, it is proposed to evaluate the continuity of highway alignment by using the speed difference (85V) of adjacent sections of a single vehicle, and to evaluate the comfort of the alignment by transverse and axial acceleration. The relative value of velocity variation coefficient and unit mileage difference is used to evaluate the safety of linear shape. At the same time, the evaluation index and standard of alignment fitting for the reconstruction and extension of expressway are put forward. Finally, the linear adaptability evaluation system is used to evaluate the three main indexes by principal component analysis, and the comprehensive evaluation of the linear shape is realized by the adaptability coefficient. Taking the reconstruction and extension of Jingshi Expressway as a case, through field investigation and data analysis, the adaptability evaluation model is used to evaluate and study the alignment of the reconstructed expressway. At the same time, the line fitting evaluation of reconstruction and extension is analyzed and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.3

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