基于熵值法的作业区布局改善方案仿真及评价

发布时间：2018-06-30 06:05

  本文选题：高速公路作业区 + 可变限速　； 参考：《河北工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,由于交通流量的不断增长、重载车辆过多等原因导致路面受到破坏,高速公路进行施工养护维修作业任务不断加重。原有道路受施工作业影响,需要占用部分车道,造成作业区路段可通行的车道数减少,从而大大降低了该路段的通行能力,导致道路交通拥挤和车辆延误的产生和加剧,所以高速公路作业区的交通畅通性与交通安全问题已被世界各国所关注。本文针对高速公路作业区上游过渡段合流处的拥堵和车辆延误等问题,提出新的空间布局方案和限速控制方案,通过VISSIM仿真软件模拟道路状况进行研究分析,再应用熵值法对各种方案结果进行综合评价。首先,调查搜集河北省部分高速公路的年交通量数据,对各条高速的交通量和交通组成进行分析,研究现阶段我国所采用的作业区布局方案、作业区类型。同时介绍了车辆合流特征和现在美国的合流控制策略,通过借鉴和吸取外国先进技术和方案,确定了本文所研究的改善作业区布局和可变限速控制两种方案。其次,简要介绍了交通仿真的特点、作用分类等,对本文应用软件VISSIM的仿真原理和仿真流程进行了说明。先提出新的高速公路作业区布局方案,将在上游过渡区前方,工作区所在车道的旁边车道提前封闭小段道路,并通过仿真对此方案进行仿真并得到结果。再提出高速公路作业区可变限速方案,将作业区警告段常用的固定限速改为可变限速控制,通过车流波动理论研究限速标志与检测器位置之间的合理距离。应用VISVAP模块编辑实现可变限速动态控制,利用VSSIM软件模拟并选取合适的仿真结果作为评价参数。最后,建立熵值法评价指标体系,分别就本文提出的高速公路作业区的改善空间布局方案和限速控制方案的仿真结果进行评价,确定各指标的熵值和权重值,并通过综合得分,确定两种方案都比原方案好。本文力求改善高速公路作业区瓶颈处合流拥挤状况,而最终得到结果也证明了两种方案都可以有效缓解合流压力,并能提高作业区通行能力,对作业区行车安全性具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:At present, due to the continuous growth of traffic flow and the excessive number of overloaded vehicles, the road surface is damaged, and the task of highway maintenance and repair is becoming more and more serious. Affected by the construction operation, the original road needs to occupy part of the driveway, resulting in the reduction of the number of passable lanes in the section of the operation area, which greatly reduces the capacity of the section, resulting in road traffic congestion and vehicle delay. Therefore, the traffic unimpeded and traffic safety problems in the expressway operation area have been concerned by the countries all over the world. In this paper, a new spatial layout scheme and a speed limit control scheme are proposed to solve the problems of congestion and vehicle delay in the junction of the upstream transition section of the expressway operation area. The simulation of the road condition is carried out by using the Visual IM simulation software. Then the entropy method is used to evaluate the results of various schemes. Firstly, the annual traffic data of some freeways in Hebei province are collected, the traffic volume and traffic composition of each high speed are analyzed, and the layout scheme and type of operation area are studied. At the same time, the characteristics of vehicle confluence and the current confluence control strategy in the United States are introduced. By drawing lessons from foreign advanced technologies and schemes, two schemes of improving operation area layout and variable speed limit control studied in this paper are determined. Secondly, the characteristics and function classification of traffic simulation are briefly introduced, and the simulation principle and simulation flow of the application software VISSIM in this paper are explained. In this paper, a new layout scheme of expressway operation area is put forward, which will close the short section of road ahead of the upstream transition area and the side lane of the working lane in advance. The simulation results of this scheme are obtained. The variable speed limit scheme of expressway operation area is put forward. The fixed speed limit is changed into variable speed limit control. The reasonable distance between the speed limit sign and the position of detector is studied by the theory of vehicle flow fluctuation. The VISVAP module editing is used to realize the variable speed limit dynamic control, and the VSSIM software is used to simulate and select the appropriate simulation results as the evaluation parameters. Finally, the evaluation index system of entropy method is established to evaluate the simulation results of the improved spatial layout scheme and speed limit control scheme of expressway operation area proposed in this paper, and determine the entropy value and weight value of each index, and through the comprehensive score, Make sure that both schemes are better than the original ones. This paper tries to improve the confluence and congestion at the bottleneck of the expressway operation area, and the results also prove that both schemes can effectively relieve the pressure of convergence and improve the capacity of the operation area. It is of great significance to traffic safety in operation area.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491;U415
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本文编号：2085240