多闸室协调调度的船闸优化问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 15:51

本文选题：船舶过闸 + 多闸室　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：服务于内河航运系统的船闸设施,其高效的船舶过闸服务水平有助于提高水路运输网络的效率,提高水运资源的利用率,充分发挥水路运输的规模优势和成本优势。随着货运量和营运船舶数量的不断增加,不同河段航运的日益繁忙,船闸调度过程中常常出现因不能及时过闸而待闸船舶数量不断增加和船闸航道不畅的情况,阻碍了河道畅通,严重影响了水路运输的服务质量和船闸运行效率,成为制约水运企业经济效益提高和水路运输在综合运输体系中竞争力提升的瓶颈。高效合理的船闸调度管理作业能提高船舶过闸效率,保障运输的稳定性。船闸调度优化问题与常见的调度优化问题之间有明显区别,如VRP问题、船舶航线优化问题等。首先船闸作为问题研究对象,不仅受船闸尺寸有限性的制约,还受约于运行限制；其次,船舶作为调度对象,其种类繁多,具有多层属性。本文在详细阐述和分析我国船闸调度现状的基础上,基于国内外现有研究成果,以目前广泛存在的多闸室船闸调度优化问题作为研究对象,以过闸船舶被安排在哪个闸室中第几闸次过闸为决策变量,以船闸实际运行的要求作为研究约束条件,以船舶待闸总时间和所有闸室的面积利用率作为船闸调度问题的研究目标,建立了多闸室协同的船闸调度优化模型。在分析船闸调度优化问题自身特性和算法优缺点的基础上,以双层染色体作为编码形式,运用启发式规则生成初始种群,通过应用选择、交叉和变异操作对初始种群不断进行迭代寻优,最终获得最优解,经解码获得最优船闸调度计划。本文以刘山船闸调度作为实例。在详细阐述刘山船闸现行调度规则及存在问题的基础上,随机抽取刘山船闸调度船舶的数据,运用本文所提混合遗传算法进行优化,将优化结果与刘山船闸调度计划进行比较分析,结果证明本文船闸调度优化模型的合理性和混合遗传算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The efficient service level of shiplock facilities serving inland river shipping system is helpful to improve the efficiency of waterway transportation network, improve the utilization rate of waterway resources, and give full play to the advantages of scale and cost of waterway transportation. With the increase of cargo volume and the number of ships in operation, the shipping of different river reaches is getting busier and busier. In the process of shiplock scheduling, the number of ships waiting for lock is increasing and the channel of lock is not smooth due to the failure to pass the lock in time. It hinders the smooth flow of river channels, seriously affects the service quality of waterway transportation and the efficiency of shiplock operation, and becomes the bottleneck that restricts the improvement of economic benefits of waterway enterprises and the competitiveness of waterway transportation in the comprehensive transportation system. Efficient and reasonable operation of shiplock dispatching and management can improve the efficiency of shiplock and ensure the stability of transportation. There are obvious differences between shiplock scheduling optimization problems and common scheduling optimization problems, such as VRP problem, ship route optimization problem and so on. Firstly, the ship lock is not only restricted by the limited size of lock, but also limited by operation. Secondly, as a scheduling object, ship has many kinds and multi-layer attributes. On the basis of elaborating and analyzing the present situation of shiplock scheduling in China, based on the existing research results at home and abroad, this paper takes the multi-lock scheduling optimization problem which is widely existing at present as the research object. The decision variable is which lock is arranged in the lock chamber, and the requirement of actual operation of lock is taken as the research constraint. Taking the total time of ship waiting for lock and the area utilization ratio of all lock chambers as the research goal of shiplock scheduling problem, an optimal model of shiplock scheduling with multi-lock coordination is established. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the shiplock scheduling optimization problem and the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm, the initial population is generated by using heuristic rules in the form of double chromosome coding. The crossover and mutation operations continuously iterate the initial population to obtain the optimal solution and decode to obtain the optimal shiplock scheduling plan. This paper takes Liushan Shiplock dispatching as an example. On the basis of elaborating the current dispatching rules and existing problems of Liushan shiplock, the data of ship scheduling of Liushan shiplock are randomly selected and optimized by using the hybrid genetic algorithm proposed in this paper. The optimization results are compared with the Liushan shiplock scheduling plan. The results show that the optimization model of the shiplock scheduling is reasonable and the hybrid genetic algorithm is effective.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U641.7

【参考文献】