桥梁事故的统计特征分析及安全风险防控原则

发布时间：2018-07-02 11:24

本文选题：桥梁工程 + 防控原则　；参考：《铁道工程学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：研究目的:近年来,桥梁坍塌事故屡有发生。为充分认识这些事故背后共同的力学机理和坍塌原因,以便能在桥梁建设运营的各环节有针对性地做好安全风险防控,降低桥梁坍塌事故率,故开展本研究。研究结论:(1)通过对大量桥梁坍塌破坏事故的统计分析,获得了各类桥型、各种破坏原因下桥梁事故的统计分布特征,结果显示:刚构桥的综合安全性最好,而拱桥相对最差;施工自身因素是造成施工期桥梁坍塌破坏的主因,而运营期桥梁破坏多是车辆超载等车船因素造成的;(2)结合力学理论,在技术层面对桥梁破坏事故的共性原因进行了分析总结,得出:桥梁坍塌破坏是结构抗力和外部作用这对矛盾在发展中外因占据了主导地位后的结果;(3)探讨了桥梁在设计、施工等环节中应该注意的安全风险防控原则,并给出了相关建议;(4)本研究成果可为桥梁在设计、施工及运营维护阶段的安全风险防控工作提供指导和参考。
[Abstract]:Objective: in recent years, bridge collapse accidents occur frequently. In order to fully understand the common mechanics mechanism and collapse reason behind these accidents, so as to do well the safety risk prevention and control in every link of bridge construction and operation, and to reduce the bridge collapse accident rate, this study is carried out. The conclusions are as follows: (1) through the statistical analysis of a large number of bridge collapse and damage accidents, the statistical distribution characteristics of various bridge types and various failure reasons are obtained. The results show that the comprehensive safety of rigid frame bridge is the best, while the arch bridge is the worst; Construction itself is the main cause of bridge collapse and destruction during construction period, while bridge damage in operation period is caused by vehicle and ship factors such as vehicle overload. (2) combining force theory, the common causes of bridge damage accidents are analyzed and summarized in the technical level. It is concluded that the collapse and failure of bridge is the result of the contradiction between structural resistance and external action which occupies a dominant position in the development. (3) the principle of safety risk prevention and control should be paid attention to in the design and construction of bridges. The relevant suggestions are given. (4) the research results can provide guidance and reference for the safety risk prevention and control in the design, construction and operation and maintenance stages of the bridge.
【作者单位】：中南大学;中铁大桥局集团武汉桥科院有限公司;合肥工业大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金:空间多点地震激励下桥梁结构非线性碰撞机理及减震研究(51278163)
【分类号】：U447

【参考文献】