城市路网交通可达性对交通状态的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 22:54

本文选题：城市道路网络 + 交通运行效率　；参考：《长安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今城市拥堵问题越来越受到重视,在新建道路交通设施已经被证实不是解决拥堵问题的最佳手段的情况下,提高现有道路网络的利用效率变得更为重要。评价道路网络效率的众多指标中,可达性是一项综合指标,反映了路网交通联系的便捷程度,对城市道路网络总体性能评价起着重要的作用。国内外关于可达性的研究以及应用已经有丰富成果,但缺乏对于道路网络可达性与交通拥堵之间的定量关系的研究。基于此,本文研究城市道路网络的可达性指标,分析可达性与交通状态之间的相互影响,对提高路网运行效率,缓解城市交通拥堵问题进行探讨。本文首先对已有的研究中可达性的定义、影响因素以及常用的评价模型等进行总结,然后选择合适的参数,建立了以行程时间为基准的城市网络可达性计算模型,以便分析可达性对交通状态的影响。考虑到不同规模和形式的网络之间可达性难以比较,而路网的连接情况及结构形式等又对可达性有着直接而显著的影响,提出了相对可达性概念,为评价不同结构和形状的道路网络的运行效能提供了一种比较适宜的方法。针对城市道路网络的交通状态研究,首先明确了交通状态评价的内涵,确定了交通状态的关键影响参数,然后从交叉口和路段交通状态的角度定义了一种交通状态系数——拥挤度,用以探究路网的交通状态。根据交通状态与饱和度、服务水平之间的关系,确定了不同交通状态下拥挤度的临界值,并对该模型适用性进行了分析。最后以西安市高新区的部分道路网络为实例,从可达性及连通性等方面对路网状态进行了分析和评价,判别路网交通状态的稳定性;对现状路网中节点的可达性和拥挤度之间的定量关系进行了研究,得到了一定的数量关系,然后通过多种方案进一步确认了两者之间存在着负相关关系;分析实施新方案前后可达性和路网状态的变化情况,验证了新方案能够提高路网运行效率,对于交通管理者制定交通对策和措施有一定的参考作用。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of urban congestion. It is more important to improve the utilization efficiency of existing road networks when new road traffic facilities have been proved to be the best means to solve congestion problems. Among the many indexes to evaluate the efficiency of road network, accessibility is a comprehensive index, which reflects the convenient degree of road network traffic connection, and plays an important role in evaluating the overall performance of urban road network. There have been many achievements in the research and application of accessibility at home and abroad, but there is no quantitative research on the relationship between accessibility and traffic congestion. Based on this, this paper studies the accessibility index of urban road network, analyzes the interaction between accessibility and traffic state, and discusses how to improve the efficiency of road network and alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. In this paper, the definition of reachability, the influencing factors and the commonly used evaluation models are summarized, and then the urban network reachability calculation model based on travel time is established by selecting appropriate parameters. In order to analyze the impact of accessibility on traffic state. Considering that the accessibility of networks of different sizes and forms is difficult to compare, and that the connectivity and structural forms of road networks have a direct and significant impact on accessibility, the concept of relative reachability is put forward, It provides a more suitable method for evaluating the performance of road networks with different structures and shapes. Based on the study of traffic state of urban road network, the connotation of traffic state evaluation is defined, and the key parameters of traffic state are determined. Then, a traffic state coefficient, congestion degree, is defined from the point of view of intersection and section traffic state, which is used to study the traffic state of road network. According to the relationship between traffic state saturation and service level the critical value of congestion under different traffic conditions is determined and the applicability of the model is analyzed. Finally, taking part of the road network of Xi'an High-tech Zone as an example, the paper analyzes and evaluates the road network state from the aspects of accessibility and connectivity, and judges the stability of road network traffic state. The quantitative relationship between reachability and congestion of nodes in the current road network is studied, and a certain quantitative relationship is obtained, and then a negative correlation between them is further confirmed through various schemes. By analyzing the changes of reachability and road network state before and after the implementation of the new scheme, it is verified that the new scheme can improve the efficiency of road network operation and has a certain reference role for traffic managers to formulate traffic countermeasures and measures.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

【参考文献】