船舶与千米级斜拉桥碰撞数值仿真及桥墩防撞装置分析

发布时间：2018-07-07 16:44

本文选题：船-桥碰撞 + 数值模拟　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现于今科研人员都是采用数值模拟分析的方法研究船桥碰撞问题。本文采用大型有限元分析软件LS-DYNA,以安徽省内某千米级斜拉桥为背景,进行了整船整桥碰撞模拟分析。依据模拟分析得到的最大碰撞力、动态响应等数据,为桥梁设计提供参考依据。最后为大桥设计了一种浮式防撞装置,通过模拟分析对防撞装置的防撞性能进行评估。本文主要工作及结论如下:(1)简要介绍了船桥碰撞基本理论及国内外各种简化公式,对数值模拟中涉及的若干关键技术进行了详细讨论。(2)建立了整船、整桥及防撞装置有限元模型,采用HJC动态本构模型对混凝土进行模拟,并且考虑了桩-土间的相互耦合作用。(3)对碰撞速度、角度、水位以及承台形状进行了参数分析,并对不同工况下的碰撞力、能量吸收、桥梁的动力响应等进行对比,得到如下结论:随船舶碰撞速度的增加,碰撞力峰值及碰撞持续时间相应增大;碰撞过程中,承台与桩柱的接触部位为除直接受到船舶撞击之外的最危险部位;船桥正撞与斜撞是不同性质的碰撞,船舶正碰时,碰撞力峰值、碰撞持续时间及桥塔顶横桥向位移最大;水位不同造成船舶碰撞接触面积及位置的不同,其中随着碰撞接触面积越大,碰撞力峰值相应增大,碰撞持续时间相应减小,而船舶碰撞实心承台得到的碰撞力峰值要比碰撞空心薄壁墩得到的碰撞力峰值大,桥塔顶横桥向位移则小;相比于矩形承台,圆形承台降低了碰撞力峰值,延长了碰撞持续时间。(4)依据碰撞力峰值、碰撞持续时间、能量吸收及动态响应对防撞装置进行性能评估,防撞装置的使用降低碰撞力峰值、增大碰撞持续时间、吸收船舶动能,从而保护了桥梁的结构安全。
[Abstract]:Now researchers are using the method of numerical simulation to study the collision problem of ship and bridge. In this paper, a large-scale finite element analysis software LS-DYNA is used to simulate the collision of a kilometer class cable-stayed bridge in Anhui Province. According to the data of maximum impact force and dynamic response obtained from simulation analysis, the reference for bridge design is provided. Finally, a floating anti-collision device is designed for the bridge, and the anti-collision performance of the anti-collision device is evaluated by simulation analysis. The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the basic theory of ship-bridge collision and various simplified formulas at home and abroad are briefly introduced, and some key technologies involved in numerical simulation are discussed in detail. (2) the whole ship is established. The finite element model of whole bridge and anti-collision device is used to simulate concrete with HJC dynamic constitutive model, and the interaction between pile and soil is considered. (3) the impact velocity, angle, water level and cap shape are analyzed. By comparing the collision force, energy absorption and dynamic response of bridge under different working conditions, the following conclusions are drawn: with the increase of ship collision velocity, the peak value and duration of collision force increase accordingly; The contact position between the cap and the pile column is the most dangerous part except for the direct impact of the ship, the collision between the forward collision and the oblique collision of the ship bridge is of different properties, the peak value of the collision force, the duration of the collision and the displacement of the transverse bridge at the top of the bridge tower are the largest when the ship is in positive collision. The difference of water level causes the difference of collision contact area and position. With the increase of collision contact area, the peak value of collision force increases and the duration of collision decreases accordingly. The peak value of collision force is larger than that of hollow thin-walled pier, and the displacement of transverse bridge on top of bridge tower is smaller than that of hollow thin-walled pier, and the peak value of collision force is reduced by circular cap compared with rectangular cap. The collision duration is prolonged. (4) according to the impact force peak value, collision duration time, energy absorption and dynamic response, the anti-collision device is evaluated. The use of the anti-collision device reduces the impact force peak value, increases the collision duration time, and absorbs the kinetic energy of the ship. Thus, the structure safety of the bridge is protected.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U443.26

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