基于可变车道优化的交通网络设计问题

发布时间：2018-07-14 12:27

【摘要】：“潮汐交通”是一种典型的城市交通现象,它通常会引起城市道路网络中部分道路双向交通流量反差严重,致使部分路段拥堵严重,而这些路段的反向路段的交通流量很小。针对“潮汐交通”问题所引起的道路资源利用不合理和交通拥堵现象,本论文研究了基于可变车道优化的交通网络设计问题,在制定最优的道路车道拓展方案的同时,考虑不同交通需求时段可变车道的优化设置。本论文研究工作主要体现在以下两个方面：(1)提出了一个考虑可变车道优化的交通网络设计问题,旨在通过合理的路段拓展和车道配置方案来提高交通网络的运行效率。构建了一个双层规划模型来描述提出的交通网络设计问题,上层问题以系统总阻抗与总投资额之和最小为目标,制定最优的道路拓展方案,并针对道路网络早晚高峰不同的OD需求水平,分时段对车道进行优化配置。下层模型则采用了用户平衡配流模型来描述出行者在不同时段的路径选择行为。设计了人工蜂群算法和遗传算法来求解提出的双层规划模型。最后,采用数值算例验证了提出的模型与算法的有效性。(2)在以上研究的基础上,提出了考虑可变车道优化的双目标交通网络设计问题,旨在通过合理的路段拓展和车道配置方案来提高交通网络的运行效率,并降低交通系统的碳排放。构建了一个双目标双层规划模型来描述该交通网络设计问题。其中,上层双目标优化模型以系统总出行费用与投资费用之和最小和交通系统中车辆二氧化碳排放量最小为目标；下层模型依然采用了用户平衡配流模型来描述出行者在不同时段的路径选择行为。设计了基于人工蜂群算法的双目标求解算法对该模型求解。最后,采用数值算例验证了提出的模型与算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:"Tidal traffic" is a typical urban traffic phenomenon, which usually causes a serious contrast of two-way traffic flow of some roads in the urban road network, resulting in serious congestion in some sections, but the traffic flow in the reverse section of these sections is very small. In view of the unreasonable utilization of road resources and traffic congestion caused by the problem of "tidal traffic", this paper studies the problem of traffic network design based on variable lane optimization. Consider the optimal setting of variable lanes in different traffic demand periods. The main work of this thesis is as follows: (1) A traffic network design problem considering variable lane optimization is proposed, which aims to improve the efficiency of traffic network through reasonable road expansion and lane allocation. A bilevel programming model is constructed to describe the proposed traffic network design problem. The upper level problem aims at the minimum sum of the total impedance and total investment of the system and formulates the optimal road expansion scheme. According to the different OD demand level of the morning and evening peak of the road network, the lane allocation is optimized in different periods. The lower model uses the user equilibrium assignment model to describe the path selection behavior of the traveler in different time periods. Artificial bee colony algorithm and genetic algorithm are designed to solve the proposed bilevel programming model. Finally, numerical examples are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. (2) based on the above research, a dual objective traffic network design problem considering variable lane optimization is proposed. The aim of this paper is to improve the efficiency of traffic network and reduce the carbon emission of transportation system through reasonable road expansion and lane allocation. A two-objective bilevel programming model is constructed to describe the traffic network design problem. Among them, the upper level double objective optimization model is aimed at the minimum sum of total travel cost and investment cost of the system and the minimum carbon dioxide emission of the vehicle in the transportation system. The lower model still uses the user equilibrium assignment model to describe the path selection behavior of the traveler in different time periods. A two-objective algorithm based on artificial bee colony algorithm is designed to solve the model. Finally, numerical examples are used to verify the validity of the proposed model and algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491;TP18

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