重庆都市功能区公共交通评价研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 18:57

【摘要】：在我国城市化快速推进的过程中,机动车普及程度也不断增加,城市面临着各种拥堵和污染问题,而发展城市公共交通对于解决相关问题具有十分重要的作用。城市公共交通是城市重要的基础设施之一,是城市经济发展和人民生活必需的社会公益性事业,对城市功能的正常发挥起到重要的组织作用,是提升城市综合竞争力的关键,得到世界各国的一致重视。当前,我国因为公交建设起步较晚,在公交规划和基础设施建设方面存在着不足,公共交通的管理能力以及服务水平还需要进一步提升。而在重庆市,公交运营从原本的7家公司分开经营转变为公交区域化经营,合理分配和设置公交公司的运营区域以及运营线路,从而解决过度竞争和资源低效运用等问题。但是这又存在着经营效率低下、服务水平下降以及服务断档等缺陷,如何对重庆都市功能区公共交通系统进行评价,以此作为指导公共交通良性发展的依据显得非常重要。本文在分析重庆都市功能区公共交通运营及行业管理现状的基础上,吸收借鉴国内外公共交通管理考核评估的成熟经验和应用性研究,从运营水平、管理水平、经济效益和服务水平等方面有针对性的选取了80个指标,并从都市区功能、公交、轨道三个层面筛选整理出12项一级指标、29项二级指标、37项三级指标,用模糊层次分析法对公共交通运营考核指标赋权,并对赋权指标进行无量纲化处理,研究提出有针对性的地方公共交通评估体系,并试图建立政府财政公共交通公益补贴与该评估体系挂钩的适用性对策。同时,本文根据对重庆市现有功能区公共交通补贴的现状以及存在的问题,提出下面这两种解决方案:一是用现有的指标体系作为基础,然后在其中引入激励机制,从而鼓励公交企业提高服务质量;二是定期核算公交企业的经营状况以及收入成本,逐步建立成本规制,为政府进行财政补贴提供科学依旧。通过这两种措施,有利于减轻政府的财政压力以及实现公共交通的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the popularity of motor vehicles is increasing, and cities are facing various problems of congestion and pollution, and the development of urban public transport plays a very important role in solving the related problems. Urban public transport is one of the most important infrastructure in the city, it is the social public welfare undertaking which is necessary for the development of urban economy and the people's daily life. It plays an important role in organizing the function of the city and is the key to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the city. It has received the unanimous attention of all countries in the world. At present, due to the late start of public transport construction in China, there are some deficiencies in public transport planning and infrastructure construction, and the management ability and service level of public transport still need to be further improved. In Chongqing, the bus operation has changed from the original seven companies to the regional operation of public transport, and reasonably allocated and set up the operation area and operation line of the public transport company, so as to solve the problems of excessive competition and inefficient use of resources and so on. However, there are some defects such as low operating efficiency, declining service level and service failure. It is very important to evaluate the public transport system in Chongqing urban function area as the basis for guiding the benign development of public transport. On the basis of analyzing the present situation of public transportation operation and industry management in Chongqing Metropolitan functional area, this paper absorbs the mature experience and applied research of public transport management assessment and evaluation at home and abroad, and from the operation level, management level, In the aspects of economic benefit and service level, 80 indexes are selected, and the 12 first class indexes, 29 second class indexes and 37 third grade indexes are sorted out from the three levels of metropolitan function, public transport and track. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is used to give weight to the assessment index of public transportation operation, and to deal with the weighting index in a dimensionless way, and a targeted evaluation system of local public transportation is put forward. And try to establish the government public transport subsidy and the evaluation system linked to the applicability of countermeasures. At the same time, according to the current situation and existing problems of the public transport subsidy in the existing functional areas of Chongqing, this paper puts forward the following two solutions: one is based on the existing index system, and then the incentive mechanism is introduced into it. In order to encourage public transport enterprises to improve the quality of service, the second is to calculate the operating status and income costs of public transport enterprises on a regular basis, gradually establish cost regulation, and provide a scientific basis for the government to carry out financial subsidies. Through these two measures, the government can reduce the financial pressure and realize the sustainable development of public transport.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17

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