城市交通噪声传播机理与控制技术研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 22:48
【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的推进和交通运输行业尤其是汽车产业的快速发展,交通噪声污染已经成为主要的城市环境问题之一,给城市居民的身心健康带来了一定的危害。为了从源头上对交通噪声污染进行控制,有必要对城市现有噪声水平进行全面分析,并研究新方案加以控制。本文在对重庆市特定道路和建筑物交通噪声调查的基础之上,利用声学仿真软件Virtual.Lab Acoustic研究了交通噪声的传播机理,建立了轮胎路面噪声仿真模型,并从频域方面对路面激励作用下产生的轮面噪声进行仿真分析。主要的研究内容包括:(1)讨论了声波的特性,包括声波的反射、透射、声波的衍射以及声波的吸收,在此基础上讨论了声波的一些基本传播规律及其影响因素。(2)介绍了城市交通噪声测量方法,分析了城市交通噪声的影响评价指标,介绍了目前各国常用的城市道路交通噪声的基本预测模型,通过图表的方式列出了各国主要所采用的预测模型。(3)分析了汽车噪声的主要来源,以及轮胎噪声的分类及产生机理。车辆对于城市交通噪声的影响从宏观上主要体现在两个方面,即车速和车流量;同时详细介绍了城市轨道交通中的轻轨交通对于交通噪声的影响,从轻轨交通噪声的组成、噪声的测量以及评价标准三个方面进行分析。(4)利用实测数据分析了城市交通噪声传播规律的分析研究,得到了它在纵向传播规律;利用Virtual.Lab acoustics软件从频域方面对轮胎噪声进行了声学仿真分析,得到了近声场和场点噪声声压分布图,可以很形象的观察路面激励下轮胎噪声的分布规律和传播情况。(5)最后根据交通噪声源的发声机理和声学传播衰减规律提出了城市交通噪声预防和控制的主要方法,包括噪声源控制、低噪声路面、声屏障、降噪绿化带等。
[Abstract]:With the advancement of urbanization and the rapid development of transportation industry, especially the automobile industry, traffic noise pollution has become one of the main urban environmental problems, which has brought certain harm to the physical and mental health of urban residents. In order to control the traffic noise pollution from the source, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the existing noise level of the city and study a new scheme to control it. Based on the investigation of traffic noise in specific roads and buildings in Chongqing, the propagation mechanism of traffic noise is studied by using the acoustic simulation software Virtual.Lab Acoustic, and the simulation model of tire road noise is established. The wheel surface noise caused by road excitation is simulated and analyzed in frequency domain. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the characteristics of sound wave are discussed, including the reflection, transmission, diffraction and absorption of sound wave. On this basis, some basic laws of acoustic wave propagation and their influencing factors are discussed. (2) the measurement method of urban traffic noise is introduced, and the impact evaluation index of urban traffic noise is analyzed. This paper introduces the basic prediction models of urban road traffic noise which are commonly used in various countries at present, and lists the main prediction models adopted by various countries by means of charts. (3) the main sources of automobile noise and the classification and generation mechanism of tire noise are analyzed. The impact of vehicle on urban traffic noise is mainly reflected in two aspects, that is, speed and vehicle flow. At the same time, the impact of light rail transit on traffic noise in urban rail transit is introduced in detail, and the composition of light rail traffic noise is introduced in detail. The noise measurement and evaluation criteria are analyzed in three aspects. (4) the law of urban traffic noise propagation is analyzed by using the measured data, and the longitudinal propagation law is obtained. The acoustic simulation analysis of tire noise in frequency domain is carried out by using Virtual. Lab acoustics software, and the sound pressure distribution map of near sound field and field noise is obtained. The distribution and propagation of tire noise under road excitation can be observed very vividly. (5) finally, according to the sound mechanism of traffic noise source and the attenuation law of acoustic propagation, the main methods of preventing and controlling urban traffic noise are put forward. Including noise source control, low noise pavement, noise barrier, noise reduction green belt and so on.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.91
本文编号：2125627
[Abstract]:With the advancement of urbanization and the rapid development of transportation industry, especially the automobile industry, traffic noise pollution has become one of the main urban environmental problems, which has brought certain harm to the physical and mental health of urban residents. In order to control the traffic noise pollution from the source, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the existing noise level of the city and study a new scheme to control it. Based on the investigation of traffic noise in specific roads and buildings in Chongqing, the propagation mechanism of traffic noise is studied by using the acoustic simulation software Virtual.Lab Acoustic, and the simulation model of tire road noise is established. The wheel surface noise caused by road excitation is simulated and analyzed in frequency domain. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the characteristics of sound wave are discussed, including the reflection, transmission, diffraction and absorption of sound wave. On this basis, some basic laws of acoustic wave propagation and their influencing factors are discussed. (2) the measurement method of urban traffic noise is introduced, and the impact evaluation index of urban traffic noise is analyzed. This paper introduces the basic prediction models of urban road traffic noise which are commonly used in various countries at present, and lists the main prediction models adopted by various countries by means of charts. (3) the main sources of automobile noise and the classification and generation mechanism of tire noise are analyzed. The impact of vehicle on urban traffic noise is mainly reflected in two aspects, that is, speed and vehicle flow. At the same time, the impact of light rail transit on traffic noise in urban rail transit is introduced in detail, and the composition of light rail traffic noise is introduced in detail. The noise measurement and evaluation criteria are analyzed in three aspects. (4) the law of urban traffic noise propagation is analyzed by using the measured data, and the longitudinal propagation law is obtained. The acoustic simulation analysis of tire noise in frequency domain is carried out by using Virtual. Lab acoustics software, and the sound pressure distribution map of near sound field and field noise is obtained. The distribution and propagation of tire noise under road excitation can be observed very vividly. (5) finally, according to the sound mechanism of traffic noise source and the attenuation law of acoustic propagation, the main methods of preventing and controlling urban traffic noise are put forward. Including noise source control, low noise pavement, noise barrier, noise reduction green belt and so on.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.91
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 罗鹏;蔡铭;马侠霖;;城市道路交通噪声分布模拟研究[J];中国环境监测;2013年05期
，本文编号：2125627
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