基于电动汽车出行随机模拟的充电桩需求研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 10:37

【摘要】：近年来,环境问题日益加重,城市空气污染亟待解决,电动汽车因其用能清洁、利于城市大气污染防治等优势受到各国的广泛关注。电动汽车的规模性发展势必会为充电设施的规划与建设带来新的挑战。充电桩是充电设施规划建设的基本单元,合理的充电桩需求分析对电动汽车充电设施的建设有至关重要的作用,因此,本文将针对规模性电动汽车发展背景下的充电桩需求分析进行了研究与探讨。本文首先对前人在电动汽车用电需求、车辆出行链模拟、充电设施需求分析等方面的研究进行了总结,分析了现有研究的优点与不足。然后,基于前人研究,考虑到在某一区域内进行充电桩建设时,建设者更关心的是充电桩数量占停车位的比例(桩位比),而不是电动汽车数量与充电桩的比例,本文提出了充电桩需求分析的新思路:通过对电动汽车出行及充电行为的随机模拟,得到车辆在各个区域的停车数量随时间变化曲线和充电数量随时间变化曲线,从而得到各个区域的桩位比和快慢速充电桩配置比例。本文提出了基于电动汽车出行随机模拟的充电桩需求分析方法:通过对电动汽车在各地点停车时长的相似性分析,将不同地点归类为六大类充电功能区域;考虑了用户对电池荷电状态变化的接受范围;基于对车辆出行链中日出行次数、首次出行时刻、车辆目的转移概率、行驶时长、停车时长、充电时长等各个出行和充电特征量的统计性分析,建立了电动汽车出行及充电模型,运用蒙特卡洛法分别模拟电动汽车在一日和一周两种不同时间尺度下的出行链和在各目的地的充电桩需求比例,模拟中考虑了各区域内停车同时性和充电同时性问题。最后,结合实际行驶数据,运用本文所建模型,输入电动汽车模拟量和各类型电动汽车比例,即可得到各区域桩位比和快慢速充电桩配置比例。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, and the urban air pollution needs to be solved urgently. Electric vehicles (EVs) have attracted wide attention in many countries because of their advantages of clean energy and good for the prevention and control of urban air pollution. The scale development of electric vehicles is bound to bring new challenges to the planning and construction of charging facilities. Charging pile is the basic unit of charging facility planning and construction. Reasonable demand analysis of charging pile plays an important role in the construction of electric vehicle charging facility. In this paper, the demand analysis of charging pile under the development background of scale electric vehicle is studied and discussed. In this paper, the previous research on electric vehicle power demand, vehicle travel chain simulation, charging facilities demand analysis and other aspects are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing research are analyzed. Then, based on previous studies, considering that when building charging piles in a certain area, builders are more concerned about the proportion of charging piles in parking spaces (pile ratio) than the proportion of electric vehicles to charging piles. In this paper, a new idea of demand analysis of charging pile is presented. By simulating the trip and charging behavior of electric vehicle, the curve of parking number with time and the curve of charge quantity with time are obtained. The ratio of pile position and the proportion of fast and slow charging pile are obtained. In this paper, a method of charging pile demand analysis based on random simulation of electric vehicle trip is proposed. By analyzing the similarity of the length of parking time of electric vehicle in each location, the different locations are classified into six kinds of charging function areas. Taking into account the user's acceptance range of battery charge state change, based on the number of daily trips in the vehicle travel chain, the first trip time, the vehicle destination transfer probability, the driving time and the parking time, Based on the statistical analysis of the travel and charging characteristics of electric vehicles such as the length of the charging time, the travel and charging models of electric vehicles are established. Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the travel chain and the demand ratio of charging piles at different time scales of one day and one week respectively. The problem of parking synchronism and charging synchronism in each region is considered in the simulation. Finally, combining with the actual driving data and using the model established in this paper, the ratio of pile to position and the ratio of quick and slow charge pile in each region can be obtained by inputting the simulation quantity of electric vehicle and the proportion of each type of electric vehicle.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM910.6;U491.8

【参考文献】