基于路段选择的动态交通拥堵收费研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 19:45

【摘要】：随着城市化发展进程的加快,机动车辆呈现爆发式增长,交通拥堵问题日益凸显,严重阻碍了城市的可持续发展。为了从根本上解决交通拥堵问题,拥堵收费应运而生,交通拥堵收费措施在一些发达国家的应用表明能够有效缓解城市交通拥堵问题,改善路网系统的整体性能,因此交通拥堵收费作为缓解交通拥堵的一项重要措施日益受到重视。本文通过分析交通拥堵收费相关理论和模型,深入研究动态交通拥堵收费问题。(1)综述了国内外交通拥堵收费问题的研究现状,分析研究中的不足,提出了基于路段选择的动态交通拥堵收费的研究思路和内容;(2)对交通拥堵收费相关的理论及方法进行了梳理,详细介绍应用较为广泛的交通拥堵收费模型,为研究动态拥堵收费奠定基础;(3)选择两条平行且起讫点相同路段,将其中的一条作为收费路段,建立收费路网模型研究收费路段上的动态收费费率,利用二项Logit回归模型预测不同拥堵程度下路网交通流量转移到其他联络线的概率;(4)建立基于最优控制理论的路段选择模型,确定收费路网中的出行用户选择收费路段与普通路段的最优概率;建立基于Logit的路段选择模型,确定出行用户选择收费路段概率,在基于Logit的路段选择模型中考虑收费路段的收费费率,确定收费路段的动态收费费率模型;(5)以北京市西三环某主辅路中平行且起讫点相同的两条路段进行实证研究,验证模型的有效性和实用性。研究结果表明,收费路段上的收费费率随路网的拥堵程度不断变化,在路网呈现较为拥堵状况时,收费路段上的收费费率较高;路网状况良好时,收费费率较低;通过验证得到的最低收费费率为早上6:00,收费路段的收费费率为0.29元;最高收费费率为下午17:30,收费费率为10.02元。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization, motor vehicles appear explosive growth, traffic congestion is increasingly prominent, which seriously hinders the sustainable development of the city. In order to solve the problem of traffic congestion fundamentally, congestion charging came into being. The application of traffic congestion charging in some developed countries shows that it can effectively alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion and improve the overall performance of road network system. Therefore, traffic congestion charge as an important measure to alleviate traffic congestion has been paid more and more attention. By analyzing the theory and model of traffic congestion charge, this paper deeply studies the problem of dynamic traffic congestion charge. (1) this paper summarizes the current research situation of traffic congestion charge at home and abroad, and analyzes the deficiency of the research. The research ideas and contents of dynamic traffic congestion charge based on road section selection are put forward. (2) the theories and methods related to traffic congestion charge are combed, and the widely used traffic congestion toll model is introduced in detail. It lays a foundation for studying dynamic congestion charging. (3) selecting two parallel sections with the same starting point, one of which is used as the toll section, and establishing a toll network model to study the dynamic toll rate on the toll road. The binomial Logit regression model is used to predict the probability of network traffic flow transferring to other tie lines under different congestion levels. (4) A road selection model based on optimal control theory is established. To determine the optimal probability of toll section and ordinary section in toll road network, to establish a road selection model based on Logit, and to determine the probability of toll section selection by trip users. In the model of road selection based on Logit, the toll rate of toll section is considered, and the dynamic toll rate model of toll road is determined. (5) the empirical study is carried out on two parallel sections of a main and auxiliary road in Xisanhuan, Beijing, with the same starting point. The validity and practicability of the model are verified. The results show that the toll rates on toll roads change with the congestion of the road network. When the road network is congested, the toll rate on the toll road is higher, and the charge rate is lower when the road network is in good condition. The minimum toll rate is 6: 00 in the morning, the toll rate of toll section is 0.29 yuan, the maximum toll rate is 17: 30 in the afternoon, and the charge rate is 10.02 yuan.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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