基于模糊控制的智能交通研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 15:24

【摘要】：随着人类经济和社会的发展,汽车作为交通工具在人们生活中起着举足轻重的作用,它给人类带来巨大便利的同时也让人们面临行驶途中交通拥挤和道路安全问题等诸多挑战。尽管交通灯控制已经得到普遍使用,但对我国日益复杂的控制情况来说仍存在一些不足,为此本文采用模糊控制方法对交通控制进行研究,实现交通道路的高效节能通行,达到对十字路口的智能控制效果,本论文主要工作如下:1.本文论述了应用模糊控制原理控制交通十字路口的研究现状,选择以STC89C52为核心控制器件搭建智能交通控制硬件平台,并且对软硬件进行了详细介绍。2.建立车辆到达模型,通过设置车辆到达率来控制交通流量,分析定时控制、传统模糊控制算法和多级模糊控制算法对交通信号配时的控制效果,应用MATLAB进行仿真测试,得到不同交通流量下车辆通过十字路口的平均延误时间和车辆排队长度对比曲线,结果表明在交通流量较大时采用多级模糊控制比定时控制和传统模糊控制有较大优势。3.在搭建好的控制系统上进行实测,应用Keil uVision3编程软件对控制芯片进行软件编程,STC-ISP软件把编写好的程序烧录到控制芯片中,将软件测试与硬件仿真系统联合调试工作,显示了上位机的监控界面设计、参数设置和实现过程。交通路口不同时间车流量变化的偶然性、随机性和不确定性使得传统控制方法经常造成道路有效通行时间浪费、空等现象,尤其是当车辆需左转而其它方向的车辆需要直行时容易发生事故,而且左转车辆易与人行道上的行人发生抢道现象,使得本就繁忙的交叉路口经常发生堵塞现象。本文从控制性能、功耗、自适应性、成本4个性能评价指标分析传统定时控制、传统模糊控制和多级模糊控制,找出适合各交通流量的应用范围,在车流量较大的情况下采用多级模糊控制器优化控制性能,应用MATLAB验证有效性,分析结果表明该控制方法具有较好的控制效果,较低的功耗和成本。
[Abstract]:With the development of human economy and society, automobile, as a vehicle, plays an important role in people's life. It brings great convenience to human beings, but also makes people face many challenges, such as traffic congestion and road safety problems. Although traffic light control has been widely used, there are still some shortcomings to the increasingly complex control situation in our country. Therefore, the fuzzy control method is adopted to study traffic control in order to realize the high efficiency and energy saving traffic of traffic road. To achieve the effect of intelligent control of the crossroads, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1. In this paper, the research status of traffic intersection control based on fuzzy control principle is discussed. The intelligent traffic control hardware platform is built with STC89C52 as the core controller, and the software and hardware are introduced in detail. The vehicle arrival model is established, the traffic flow is controlled by setting the vehicle arrival rate, the timing control, the control effect of the traditional fuzzy control algorithm and the multistage fuzzy control algorithm on the traffic signal timing are analyzed, and the simulation test is carried out by using MATLAB. The comparison curves of the average delay time and the queue length of vehicles passing through the crossroads under different traffic flow are obtained. The results show that the multistage fuzzy control has a greater advantage than timing control and traditional fuzzy control when the traffic flow is large. The Keil uVision3 software is used to program the control chip and STC-ISP software is used to burn the program to the control chip, and the software test and hardware simulation system are combined to debug the control chip. The monitor interface design, parameter setting and realization process of upper computer are shown. Because of the accident, randomness and uncertainty of traffic flow at different time, the traditional control methods often lead to waste of effective traffic time, empty traffic, etc. Especially when the vehicle needs to turn left to other direction, it is easy to happen accidents, and the left-turn vehicle is easy to rob the pedestrian on the sidewalk, which makes the busy intersections often clog up. In this paper, the traditional timing control, traditional fuzzy control and multistage fuzzy control are analyzed from four performance evaluation indexes: control performance, power consumption, adaptability and cost. The multi-stage fuzzy controller is used to optimize the control performance under the condition of large traffic flow. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified by MATLAB. The analysis results show that the control method has better control effect, lower power consumption and lower cost.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U495

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