软弱围岩隧道管棚支护及其体系下锁脚锚杆数值模拟研究
发布时间：2018-08-01 12:36
【摘要】：进入21世纪后,国家大力发展交通事业,公路、铁路以及地铁隧道建设得以蓬勃发展,我国又是一个多山的国家,隧道因其技术特点在交通中的重要性也日益突出。而很多隧道都处于不良地层段,如富水地层、软弱围岩、岩溶、断层破碎带等,为防止隧道开挖后围岩发生过大变形而造成工程事故,就必须在开挖前对围岩采取预加固措施,管棚支护因其良好的支护性能逐渐成为穿越不良地段的重要施工技术。但是管棚支护的设计、施工多是借鉴于类似工程,而这已不能很好的适应当前工程发展的需要,因此在隧道开挖过程中,管棚支护参数进行定量分析的研究就十分必要。论文介绍了隧道超前支护的施工方法和特点,并重点介绍了管棚支护在施工和支护机理的国内外研究现状,同时介绍了利用ABAQUS建立数值计算模型的步骤。通过选取深圳大望山地质参数,采用Mohr-Coulomb强度屈服准则,借助ABAQUS有限元软件建立数值模型,对比分析二维模型下设置管棚和未设置管棚、锁脚锚杆不同角度、长度、排数、位置以及不同围岩性质下隧道位移,得到设置管棚能有效约束隧道的变形,同时锁脚锚杆长度和角度只有在一定的范围内对隧道变形的抑制作用才明显,打设排数和位置则与相应部位的变形收敛有关,围岩性质的变化对隧道变形的影响最为显著。对比分析三维模型下管棚参数、注浆半径、开挖方式、开挖半径以及不同围岩性质情况隧道开挖下隧道变形和钢管应力。得到以下结论:管径和管间距的变化对隧道变形影响不大,但对钢管应力影响有着显著区别;不同注浆半径对隧道变形和钢管应力影响较大,注浆半径越大,围岩塑性区应变越小,隧道变形和钢管应力越小,预加固区能够更好的发挥其承载性能;双侧壁导坑法开挖较CRD法开挖位移影响范围和塑性区应变更小,围岩所处拉应力区范围也越小,隧道变形和钢管应力更小;开挖进尺对于隧道变形有着明显的影响,随着开挖进尺的增大,围岩位移影响范围和塑性区应变值也逐渐增大;不同围岩性质下隧道开挖围岩变形和应力都有着明显变化。因此,在软弱围岩隧道施工时,应根据不同的地质情况,选取合理的管棚支护结构参数,并选取合理的开挖方式,控制开挖进尺,保证隧道的顺利施工。
[Abstract]:After entering the 21st century, the country has vigorously developed transportation, highway, railway and subway tunnel construction. China is also a mountainous country, and the tunnel is becoming more and more important in traffic because of its technical characteristics. Many tunnels are in bad strata, such as water-rich stratum, weak surrounding rock, karst, fault broken zone and so on. In order to prevent engineering accidents caused by excessive deformation of surrounding rock after tunnel excavation, pre-reinforcement measures must be taken to surrounding rock before excavation. Pipe-shed support has gradually become an important construction technology through bad areas because of its good supporting performance. However, the design and construction of pipe-shed support are mostly used for reference to similar projects, which can not meet the needs of current engineering development, so it is very necessary to study the quantitative analysis of the parameters of pipe-shed support in the process of tunnel excavation. This paper introduces the construction method and characteristics of tunnel advance support, and emphatically introduces the research status of pipe shed support in construction and supporting mechanism at home and abroad. At the same time, it introduces the steps of establishing numerical calculation model by using ABAQUS. By selecting the geological parameters of Dawangshan, Shenzhen, adopting Mohr-Coulomb strength yield criterion and using ABAQUS finite element software to establish a numerical model, this paper compares and analyzes the different angles, length and number of anchors with and without the pipe shed in the two dimensional model. When the tunnel displacement is different from the position of the surrounding rock, it is concluded that the tunnel deformation can be restrained effectively by setting the pipe shed, and at the same time, the length and angle of the locking anchor rod can only restrain the tunnel deformation obviously in a certain range. The number and position of arrangement are related to the convergence of deformation, and the change of surrounding rock property has the most significant influence on tunnel deformation. The parameters of pipe shed, grouting radius, excavation method, excavation radius and tunnel deformation and steel pipe stress under different surrounding rock properties are compared and analyzed in three dimensional model. The following conclusions are obtained: the variation of pipe diameter and spacing has little effect on tunnel deformation, but has significant difference on the stress of steel pipe, and different grouting radius has greater influence on tunnel deformation and steel pipe stress, and the larger the grouting radius is, The smaller the strain in the plastic zone of surrounding rock, the smaller the strain of tunnel and steel tube, the better the bearing capacity of pre-strengthened zone can be. The smaller the range of tensile stress zone of surrounding rock is, the smaller the stress of tunnel and steel tube is, and the influence of excavation advance on tunnel deformation is obvious, and with the increase of excavation ruler, the influence range of surrounding rock displacement and strain value of plastic zone also increase gradually. The deformation and stress of surrounding rock in tunnel excavation have obvious changes under different surrounding rock properties. Therefore, in the construction of soft surrounding rock tunnel, reasonable parameters of pipe-shed support structure should be selected according to different geological conditions, and reasonable excavation mode should be selected to control the excavation advance to ensure the smooth construction of the tunnel.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455.7
本文编号：2157603
[Abstract]:After entering the 21st century, the country has vigorously developed transportation, highway, railway and subway tunnel construction. China is also a mountainous country, and the tunnel is becoming more and more important in traffic because of its technical characteristics. Many tunnels are in bad strata, such as water-rich stratum, weak surrounding rock, karst, fault broken zone and so on. In order to prevent engineering accidents caused by excessive deformation of surrounding rock after tunnel excavation, pre-reinforcement measures must be taken to surrounding rock before excavation. Pipe-shed support has gradually become an important construction technology through bad areas because of its good supporting performance. However, the design and construction of pipe-shed support are mostly used for reference to similar projects, which can not meet the needs of current engineering development, so it is very necessary to study the quantitative analysis of the parameters of pipe-shed support in the process of tunnel excavation. This paper introduces the construction method and characteristics of tunnel advance support, and emphatically introduces the research status of pipe shed support in construction and supporting mechanism at home and abroad. At the same time, it introduces the steps of establishing numerical calculation model by using ABAQUS. By selecting the geological parameters of Dawangshan, Shenzhen, adopting Mohr-Coulomb strength yield criterion and using ABAQUS finite element software to establish a numerical model, this paper compares and analyzes the different angles, length and number of anchors with and without the pipe shed in the two dimensional model. When the tunnel displacement is different from the position of the surrounding rock, it is concluded that the tunnel deformation can be restrained effectively by setting the pipe shed, and at the same time, the length and angle of the locking anchor rod can only restrain the tunnel deformation obviously in a certain range. The number and position of arrangement are related to the convergence of deformation, and the change of surrounding rock property has the most significant influence on tunnel deformation. The parameters of pipe shed, grouting radius, excavation method, excavation radius and tunnel deformation and steel pipe stress under different surrounding rock properties are compared and analyzed in three dimensional model. The following conclusions are obtained: the variation of pipe diameter and spacing has little effect on tunnel deformation, but has significant difference on the stress of steel pipe, and different grouting radius has greater influence on tunnel deformation and steel pipe stress, and the larger the grouting radius is, The smaller the strain in the plastic zone of surrounding rock, the smaller the strain of tunnel and steel tube, the better the bearing capacity of pre-strengthened zone can be. The smaller the range of tensile stress zone of surrounding rock is, the smaller the stress of tunnel and steel tube is, and the influence of excavation advance on tunnel deformation is obvious, and with the increase of excavation ruler, the influence range of surrounding rock displacement and strain value of plastic zone also increase gradually. The deformation and stress of surrounding rock in tunnel excavation have obvious changes under different surrounding rock properties. Therefore, in the construction of soft surrounding rock tunnel, reasonable parameters of pipe-shed support structure should be selected according to different geological conditions, and reasonable excavation mode should be selected to control the excavation advance to ensure the smooth construction of the tunnel.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455.7
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